Germany (with 84.3 million inhabitants) is the largest economy in the European Union (EU) and, after the USA, China and Japan, is the world’s fourth largest economy. Germany is also the third-largest exporter. Germany is renowned for its major companies in the automotive, chemicals and electronics sectors. Among these, Volkswagen, Daimler, BMW (all automotive), BASF (chemicals) and Siemens (electronics) are the main global players. What is less well known is that 55.1% of the total workforce in Germany works in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
In March 2023, 45.72 million people were in employment (+1.0% year-on-year).
Compared with the previous year, there was an increase in the number of employees subject to social insurance contributions in almost in all federal states, with the highest rise in Hamburg (+2.8%). The smallest increase was recorded in Saxony and Saarland (+0.2%). A slight year-on-year decrease was recorded in the federal states of Thuringia (-0.2%), Saxony-Anhalt (-0.3%) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (-0.5%).
Based on the entire civilian labour force, the unemployment rate in April 2023 was 5.7%. The seasonally adjusted unemployment rate remained unchanged at 5.6%. Year-on-year, the non-seasonally adjusted rate increased by 0.7 percentage points. Eastern Germany (7.2%) continues to be more greatly affected by unemployment than western Germany (5.3%). Over the last few years, however, the gap between these employment rates has narrowed. At federal state level, Bavaria continues to have the lowest unemployment rate, while Bremen has the highest.
Ukrainian refugee migration is likely to have increased the unemployment rate by 0.4 percentage points. According to current information from the Central Register of Foreign Nationals kept by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, at the end of March 2023 around 1.175 million Ukrainian citizen were registered in Germany, 1 020 000 more than at the end of February 2022, the month when the Russian war of aggression began. Of these, 773 000 were Ukrainians aged between 15 and 65, an increase of 654 000 compared to February 2022. Once issued with a residence permit under Section 24 of the Residence Act, Ukrainian refugees have access to the labour market and, since 1 June 2022 have been able to receive benefits in the form of basic income support for jobseekers.
In April 2023, there were 773 000 reported vacancies. That is 79 000 (9%) fewer than a year ago.
In 2022, around 237 929 cross-border commuters worked in Germany (as at 30 June 2022). These are foreign nationals who work in Germany but live in another country. Given its location at the heart of Europe, Germany has by far the highest number of cross-border workers, many of whom come from Poland and France.
The German labour market needs well-educated people – i.e. with professional qualifications (academic studies, vocational training). There are good opportunities for foreign skilled workers in occupations that are in particularly high demand. In Germany, there is significant demand for the following occupations:
- Doctors: despite good earning opportunities and high social status, there is an increasing shortage of doctors in private practices, and sometimes in clinics, especially in rural areas.
Requirements: candidates must undergo a recognition procedure, but doctors who have obtained equivalent qualifications abroad will be granted a national licence to practise as a doctor in Germany.
- Nurses: there are plenty of jobs available for nurses and healthcare professionals. Qualified staff are needed in hospitals, retirement homes and other care facilities.
Requirements: anyone with a nursing qualification from their country of origin can apply for that qualification to be recognised in Germany. Medical fitness and knowledge of German are required, to either B2 or B1 level, depending on the federal state.
- Engineers: as an industrial nation, Germany has plentiful career opportunities and good earning potential to offer engineers. There is strong demand for experts in electrical and construction engineering, mechanical engineering and vehicle manufacturing. There are currently opportunities available for graduates who wish to cross over from other fields.
Requirements: anyone with a professional qualification equivalent to the corresponding German qualification is eligible to be recognised as an engineer / engineering consultant.
- Scientists, computer scientists: vacancies are also abundant in the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and mathematics), both in the private sector and in public research institutes.
Requirements: at the Central Office for Foreign Education (ZAB), foreign STEM graduates can have their university degrees declared equivalent to German diplomas.
- There is also particular demand for childcare workers in municipal and church kindergartens, drivers for freight companies and municipal institutions, chefs, food industry professionals (butchers, bakers), and agricultural workers (harvest workers).
- More information can be found at www.make-it-in-germany.com/de/jobs/gefragte-berufe/.
Anyone wishing to work in Germany should:
- have a professional qualification for one of the professions in very high demand (in this case, German language skills are often of lesser importance); or
- be planning to obtain a professional qualification in one of the professions in very high demand (it is possible to come to Germany to obtain qualifications. Germany has a ‘dual learning’ system where learners perform paid work while they are training, which allows them to cover some of their living costs); or
- have a professional qualification for a less in-demand profession. In this case, excellent German language skills are essential to increase the likelihood of finding a job.
- More information can be found at https://www.deutschland.de/de/arbeiten-in-deutschland
Links:
International Placement Service (Zentrale Auslands- und Fachvermittlung, ZAV) |
There are more vacancies than qualified jobseekers throughout Germany, and skilled workers are desperately needed in the following fields at the moment:
- Livestock farming
- Forestry
- Horticulture
- Tyre and vulcanisation technology
- Wood, furnishing, interior fitting
- Metalworking
- Automation
- Surveying, scaffolding
- Interior construction and dry walling
- Glazing
- Pipeline construction
- Plant, container and apparatus construction
- Monitoring and maintenance of railway infrastructure
- Freight forwarding and logistics
- Drivers for earthmoving and related machinery
- Sales (furniture, fittings)
- Sales
- System catering
- Pharmaceutical technical assistants
- Bus and tram drivers
- Agriculture
- Natural stone and mineral processing, stonemasonry
- Plastic and rubber manufacturing
- Mechatronics
- Electrical engineering
- Roofing
- Tile, slab and mosaic laying
- Screed and terrazzo laying
- Stucco plastering
- Carpentry
- Roller shutter and venetian blind installation
- Stove and air heating installation
- Road and rail transport sales
- Disinfection, pest control
- Cake and pastry sales
- Sale of healthcare and medical supplies
- Hotel service
- Catering service
- Insurance sales
- Emergency services
- Orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Ophthalmology
- Hearing aid acoustics, professional drivers (goods transport / HGVs)
- Automotive engineering
- Agricultural and construction machinery technology
- Cable installation, maintenance
- Food manufacturing
- Bricklaying, road and asphalt construction
- Sewer and tunnel construction
- Flooring installation
- Plumbing
- Sale of meat products
- Tax consultancy
- Law firm assistant, notary’s office
- Doctor’s assistants
- Veterinary assistants
- Dentistry
- Podology
- Construction electricians
- Meat processing
- Façade construction
- Pavers, stone layers
- Track construction
- Refrigeration technology
- Medico-technical professions, radiology
- Theatre / medico-technical assistants
- Building material production
- Civil engineering
- Well sinking
- Sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Dental assistants
- Nursing
This interactive website provides additional information on occupations, level of requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Unemployment in Germany for March 2023 was established as 1.26 million and the unemployment rate was 2.9%. Within Europe, Czechia (2.4%) recorded the lowest rate and Spain (12.8%) had the highest rate.
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Animal care
- Stage design and costume making
- Sign-making, neon advertising, publishing and media sales assistants
- Dialogue marketing
- Cosmetics
- Administration, social services and public health
- Social security, insurance
- Catering
- Travel agents
- Sales (stationary, gifts, games)
- Dry cleaning
- Public health surveillance, hygiene control
- Road transport driving
- Courier / express / postal service agents
- Chemical and technical laboratories
- Cartography
- Shoe manufacture
- Upholstery, vehicle interiors
- Technical garment makers, sail makers
- Textile manufacturing
- Aerospace engineering
- Machinery and plant operators
- Abrasive metalworking
- Bookbinding and print processing, printing technology
- Photography
- Cemetery gardening
- Hairdressing
- Medical documentation
- Documentation and information services
- Office and secretarial work
- Sport and fitness sales, sports management
- Bookselling
- Sales (no product specialisation)
- Cashiers, ticket clerks
- Professional drivers (passenger transport / passenger cars)
- Goods and cargo handling
- Technical shipping operations
- Software development
- Materials technology
- Cooks
- Technical quality assurance
- Graphics communication, photographic design
- Equine industry
- Audiovisual technology
- Theatre, film and television production
- Craft jewellery making, precious stone processing
- Advertising and marketing
- Music education
- Household management
- Wellness
- Event service and management
- Physico-technical laboratories
- Waste management
- Shipbuilding
- Machinery and appliance assemblers
- Domestic pet care and zoo animal keeping
- Event and stage technology
- Make-up design
- Archiving
- Postal and delivery services
- Manufacture of clothing
- Librarianship
- Digital and print media design
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Schleswig-Holstein (2.9 million inhabitants) is the most northerly of Germany’s federal states and is described as the state between the seas (the North Sea and the Baltic). The state capital is Kiel. Of the non-city states, only Saarland is smaller than Schleswig-Holstein. Its boundary to the north is the German-Danish border; to the south it adjoins the federal states of Hamburg and Lower Saxony, and to the south-east it borders Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
On account of its natural environment (800 km of coastline and hardly any conurbations), Schleswig-Holstein is regarded as an agricultural region and holiday destination. However, agriculture plays only a minor role in employment. In fact, tourism is much more important.
The unemployment rate in Schleswig-Holstein in April 2023 was 5.6%. Year-on-year, the unemployment rate was 4.9%. Male unemployment in April 2022 was 5.3%, whilst female unemployment was 4.6%. In April 2023, the unemployment rate for men was 5.9% and for women was 5.2%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Schleswig-Holstein amounted to 1 059 788, an increase compared to the previous year (as at September 2022).
In absolute terms, the largest increase was in the provision of other economic services, excluding temporary employee assignment (+2 228 or + 4.1%), while the most unfavourable trend was in the provision of financial and insurance services (-400 or -1.7%).
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 28 053. 21 527 new posts have been registered since the beginning of the year. This represents a year-on-year decrease of 3 030 or 12%.
There has been a fall in vacancies totalling 21 858 since the beginning of the year.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Tax consultancy
- Hotel industry
- Civil engineering
- Energy engineering
- Food and beverage service activities
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Horticulture
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Protection of property, persons, fire protection, safety at work
- Flooring installation
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Mechatronics and automation
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology, sale of drugstore products, pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Building construction
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Human resources and services
- Cleaning
- Road vehicle driving
- Warehouse management, post, delivery, goods handling
- Information technology
- Metal construction and welding
- Advertising and marketing
- Personal care
- Office and secretarial work
- Tourism and sport
- Household management and consumer advice
- Technical media design
- Textile processing
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
The Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg is a city-state that forms one of the federal states of Germany. With a population of some 1.89 million, Hamburg is the second largest city in Germany, but is rather sparsely populated for a large city. There are numerous parks, and three other rivers in addition to the Elbe. The Alster has been dammed to form a lake in the centre of the city. The Außenalster and Binnenalster lakes are separated by two bridges. The city’s most famous construction is the Saint Michaelis Church, known as ‘Michel’. As a major port city, Hamburg is also home to Germany’s largest port, one of the biggest in the world. In addition, Hamburg is home to many newspapers, television broadcasters and radio stations. Moreover, it boasts several universities.
The unemployment rate in Hamburg in April 2023 was 7.3%, Year-on-year, the unemployment rate was 6.5%. with male unemployment standing at 6.8% and female unemployment at 6.2%.
As things currently stand (April 2023), the unemployment rate for men and women is 7.4% and 7.1% respectively.
In Hamburg, employment subject to social security contributions amounted to 1 055 246 and was up on the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest drop in employment occurred in the provision of financial and insurance services.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 10 465. Compared to the same month last year, the number of registered vacancies decreased by 15.0%. Since the start of the year, 8 227 new jobs have been registered by employers and 9 603 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Tax consultancy
- Hotel industry
- Civil engineering
- Energy engineering
- Food and beverage service activities
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Horticulture
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Protection of property, persons, fire protection, safety at work
- Flooring installation
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Mechatronics and automation
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Building construction
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a large surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Human resources and services
- Cleaning
- Road vehicle driving
- Warehouse management, post, delivery, goods handling
- Information technology
- Metal construction and welding
- Advertising and marketing
- Personal care
- Office and secretarial work
- Tourism and sport
- Household management and consumer advice
- Technical media design
- Textile processing
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has a population of around 1.61 million and an area of approximately 23 213 km². This means that Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has the lowest population density of any federal state. Around 96 000 people live in the capital, Schwerin. The federal state borders Poland to the east and the federal states of Brandenburg to the south, Lower Saxony to the south-west and Schleswig-Holstein to the west. In the north, the Baltic Sea forms a natural border. Almost two thirds (around 62%) of the land area is used for agriculture.
With its location between the conurbations of Berlin and Hamburg, its modern infrastructure and the tempting supply of cheap commercial premises, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is an attractive business location.
The unemployment rate in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania stood at 7.8% in April 2023, a slight year-on-year increase of 0.9 percentage points. Male unemployment rose by 0.7%, whilst female unemployment rose by 1.0%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania amounted to 589 968, an increase compared to the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The strongest increase was recorded in the hospitality sector.
- The largest fall in employment was seen in the manufacturing sector.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 19 355. Compared to the same month last year, there were 1 255 fewer vacancies (-6%). Since the start of the year, 13 767 new jobs have been registered by employers and 12 690 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Nursing
- Energy engineering
- Civil engineering
- Animal husbandry
- Food and beverage service activities
- Hotel industry
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Building construction
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Agriculture
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Food preparation
- Metal construction and welding
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Tourism and sport
- Administration
- Metalworking
- Road vehicle driving
- Warehouse management, post, delivery, goods handling
- Advertising and marketing
- Personal care
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Household management and consumer advice
- Office and secretarial work
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Bremen is one of Germany’s three city-states, alongside Berlin and Hamburg. However, in actual fact the federal state of Bremen encompasses not only the city of Bremen, but also the city of Bremerhaven, located 60 kilometres away. This makes Bremen a two-city state. Bremen is the 11th-largest city in Germany. However, Bremen is Germany’s smallest federal state in terms of population and surface area. Of its population of almost 680 000, some 563 290 live in Bremen itself, with a further 113 173 in Bremerhaven. The Hanseatic City of Bremen is home to the world-famous ‘Town Musicians of Bremen’ statue.
The unemployment rate in Bremen stood at 10.7% in April 2023, up 0.8 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.5% and female unemployment by 1.1%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Bremen is 348 483, an increase compared to the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest fall in employment was seen in the financial and insurance services sector.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 9 253. Compared to the same month last year, there were 480 more vacancies (+5%). Since the start of the year, 6 921 new jobs have been registered by employers and 6 332 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies* than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Civil engineering
- Flooring installation
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Tax consultancy
- Hotel industry
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Food and beverage service activities
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Building construction
- Energy engineering
- Mechatronics and automation
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Agriculture
- Medical laboratories
- Business organisation and strategy
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Woodworking and processing
- Horticulture
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Insurance and financial services
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Metal construction and welding
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Equine industry
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
* Since the figures for Bremen alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Lower Saxony.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas* in particular:
- Software development and programming
- Personal care
- Road vehicle driving
- Household management and consumer advice
- Office and secretarial work
- Tourism and sport
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Technical production planning and control
- Precision engineering and tool engineering
- Media documentation/information services
- Train driving
- Advertising and marketing
- Technical media design
- Textile processing
- Building technology
*Since the figures for Bremen alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Lower Saxony.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Lower Saxony is a federal state in north-western Germany. With 8.1 million inhabitants, Lower Saxony is the fourth most populated federal state; in terms of surface area, it is second only to Bavaria. The state capital is Hannover. In 2022, the Volkswagen automotive group produced around 4.8 million passenger cars. With 120 000 direct employees, the automotive industry is the most important industrial sector in Lower Saxony. The supply industry also provides more than 30% of all industrial jobs. With a production value of EUR 13.0 billion, Lower Saxony is the largest agricultural federal state in Germany. The majority of this land is used for livestock production.
The unemployment rate in Lower Saxony was 5.7% in April 2023, an increase of 0.7 percentage points compared to the previous year. Male unemployment stood at 5.8% in April 2023 and female unemployment at 5.6%. In the same month last year, the unemployment rate was 5.2% for men and 4.8% for women.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Lower Saxony amounted to 3 159 621 and was up on the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest decline in employment was recorded in temporary employee assignment.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 78 223. Compared to the same month last year, there were 12 067 fewer vacancies (-13%). Since the start of the year, 56 242 new jobs have been registered by employers and 54 879 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies* than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Civil engineering
- Flooring installation
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Tax consultancy
- Hotel industry
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Food and beverage service activities
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Building construction
- Energy engineering
- Mechatronics and automation
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Agriculture
- Medical laboratories
- Business organisation and strategy
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Woodworking and processing
- Horticulture
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Insurance and financial services
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Metal construction and welding
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Equine industry
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
* Since the figures for Bremen alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Lower Saxony.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas* in particular:
- Software development and programming
- Personal care
- Road vehicle driving
- Household management and consumer advice
- Office and secretarial work
- Tourism and sport
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Technical production planning and control
- Precision engineering and tool engineering
- Media documentation/information services
- Train driving
- Advertising and marketing
- Technical media design
- Textile processing
- Building technology
* Since the figures for Bremen alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Lower Saxony.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Saxony-Anhalt has approximately 2.17 million inhabitants and a surface area of around 20 500 km². While the northern parts of the region are sparsely populated, the population density in the central and southern parts stands at over 150 inhabitants per square kilometre. The state capital of Saxony-Anhalt is Magdeburg.
Saxony-Anhalt has a long industrial tradition. Technological innovation led to the region emerging as a hub of industrial progress at the beginning of the 20th century. The economy is dominated by the chemical industry, the mechanical engineering sector and the food industry. The automotive industry and biotechnology also contribute to value creation.
The unemployment rate in Saxony-Anhalt in April 2023 was 7.6%. In the same month last year, the unemployment rate was 6.8%. Compared to the same month last year, male unemployment in April 2023 increased slightly by 0.7% and female unemployment by 0.9%.
Employment subject to social security contributions amounted to 812 966 in Saxony-Anhalt and was up on the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in the provision of other economic services, excluding temporary employee assignment.
- The sharpest decline in employment was recorded in the metalworking and electrical industry and in the steel industry, a sub-sector of manufacturing.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 20 572. Compared to the same month last year, there were 2 281 fewer vacancies (-10%). Since the start of the year, 13 980 new jobs have been registered by employers and 14 539 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Chemistry
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Energy engineering
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Food and beverage service activities
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Sale of clothing, electrical goods, motor vehicles, hardware
- Protection of property, persons, fire protection, safety at work
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Building construction
- Metalworking
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Advertising and marketing
- Administration
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Horticulture
- Personal care
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Road vehicle driving
- Information technology
- Office and secretarial work
- Household management and consumer advice
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Brandenburg is a federal state in north-eastern Germany. Its territory fully encircles the national capital city of Berlin, which forms a separate federal city-state. The state capital of Brandenburg is Potsdam. Brandenburg has the second-lowest population density after Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (85 inhabitants/km²) with a population of 2.53 million. The sparsely populated agricultural regions of Brandenburg in particular represent an attractive contrast to Berlin’s highly densely populated metropolitan area.
The fact that Brandenburg is a large state with a low population density means that there is plenty of space for business expansion, infrastructure projects, and leisure and recreation. The business hub of Brandenburg includes, among other things, the Babelsberg Film Park and the logistics centres on the outskirts of Berlin. The region is also home to global market leaders in the vehicle construction, mechanical engineering and plant construction industries. The Tesla plant has been operational since March 2022.
The unemployment rate in Brandenburg stood at 5.9% in April 2023, up 0.6 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.5% and female unemployment by 0.9%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Brandenburg amounted to 892 080 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was recorded in the metal, electrical and steel industries, a sub-sector of manufacturing.
- The largest fall in employment occurred in the provision of other economic services excluding temporary employee assignment.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 25 805. Access to newly reported positions is lower than in the previous year. Since the start of the year, 18 432 new jobs have been registered by employers and 18 359 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas*:
- Nursing
- Tax consultancy
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Animal husbandry
- Medical laboratories
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Business organisation and strategy
- Civil engineering
- Energy engineering
- Mechatronics and automation
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
*Since the figures for Berlin alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Brandenburg.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas* in particular:
- Precision engineering and tool engineering
- Floristry
- Advertising and marketing
- Administration
- Event services and management
- Food and beverage service activities
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Road vehicle driving
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Horticulture
- Insurance and financial services
- Real estate, facility management
- Cleaning
- Service staff in passenger transport
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Woodworking and processing
- Paint technology
- Personal care
- Train driving
- Surveillance and maintenance of transport infrastructure
- Information technology
- Food preparation
- Media documentation/information services
- Office and secretarial work
- Wholesale and retail trade
- Household management and consumer advice
- Tourism and sport
- Building technology
*Since the figures for Berlin alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Brandenburg.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Berlin, the federal capital, has approximately 3.85 million inhabitants, making it the largest city in Germany and the most densely populated federal state. There are an average of around 4 100 residents per square kilometre. Berlin is completely surrounded by Brandenburg and is approximately 70 km from the Polish border to the east.
The high quality of life with comparatively low living costs, the vibrant social scene and the international environment attract talent from across Germany and abroad to this city on the River Spree.
While nationally the services sector accounts for around 70% of economic performance, in Berlin this sector is responsible for around 86% of economic performance.
Companies and start-ups can find excellent conditions here for economic success. The capital is particularly attractive to entrepreneurs in the creative and technology industries.
The unemployment rate in Berlin stood at 9.2% in April 2023, up 0.5 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.3% and female unemployment by 0.7%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Berlin amounted to 1 670 580 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The biggest increase was in the information and communications sector.
- The sharpest fall in employment was recorded in fisheries, agriculture and forestry.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 19 359.
Compared to the same month last year, there were 2 506 fewer vacancies (-11%). Since the start of the year, 20 594 new jobs have been registered by employers and 20 035 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas*:
- Nursing
- Tax consultancy
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Animal husbandry
- Medical laboratories
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Business organisation and strategy
- Civil engineering
- Energy engineering
- Mechatronics and automation
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
*Since the figures for Berlin alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Brandenburg.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas* in particular:
- Precision engineering and tool engineering
- Floristry
- Advertising and marketing
- Administration
- Event services and management
- Food and beverage service activities
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Road vehicle driving
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Horticulture
- Insurance and financial services
- Real estate, facility management
- Cleaning
- Service staff in passenger transport
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Woodworking and processing
- Paint technology
- Personal care
- Train driving
- Surveillance and maintenance of transport infrastructure
- Information technology
- Food preparation
- Media documentation/information services
- Office and secretarial work
- Wholesale and retail trade
- Household management and consumer advice
- Tourism and sport
- Building technology
*Since the figures for Berlin alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Brandenburg.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
North Rhine-Westphalia borders Lower Saxony to the north and north-east, Hessen to the south-east, Rhineland-Palatinate to the south, and Belgium and the Netherlands to the west. With almost 18 million inhabitants, it is the most populous of all the federal states, and the fourth-largest in terms of surface area. Of Germany’s 80 largest cities, 30 are located in North Rhine-Westphalia.
North Rhine-Westphalia has one of the strongest economies of all Europe’s metropolitan regions. Among other things, it is the main hub of Germany’s energy industry and is Europe’s largest energy region. The Rhine-Ruhr conurbation in the centre of the federal state is Germany’s largest metropolitan region, with almost 14 million inhabitants.
The unemployment rate in North Rhine-Westphalia stood at 7.2% in April 2023, slightly up by 0.6 percentage points on the previous year. Male unemployment increased by 0.6% and female unemployment by 0.8%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in North Rhine-Westphalia amounted to 7 341 289 and was up on the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest drop in employment occurred in the provision of financial and insurance services.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 149 365. Access to newly reported positions is slightly lower than the previous year Since the start of the year, 104 806 new jobs have been registered by employers and 108 014 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Tax consultancy
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- IT system analysis, user advice, IT sales
- Civil engineering
- Energy engineering
- Mechatronics and automation
- Horticulture
- Hotel industry
- Surveying and cartography
- Agriculture
- Medical laboratories
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Train driving
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Flooring installation
- Building construction
- Woodworking and processing
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Metal arts and crafts
- Biology
- Textile technology and production
- Advertising and marketing
- Personal care
- Non-medical treatment and alternative medicine
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Cleaning
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Road vehicle driving
- Transport monitoring and management
- Warehouse management, post, delivery, goods handling
- Chemistry
- Food preparation
- Metalworking
- Metal production
- Photographic technology and photography
- Paint technology
- Event, camera and sound engineering
- Interior design, furnishings and fittings
- Office and secretarial work
- Event services and management
- Surveillance and maintenance of transport infrastructure
- Software development and programming
- Physics
- Media documentation/information services
- Tourism and sport
- Textile processing
- Technical production planning and control
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Animal care
- Household management and consumer advice
- Printing engineering, bookbinding
- Technical media design
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Hessen, with its approximately 6.29 million residents, most of whom live in the southern parts of the federal state, is one of Germany’s most densely populated regions. Two-thirds of the population live in the Rhine-Main area. The state capital is Wiesbaden. However, the largest city in Hessen is Frankfurt am Main, Germany’s financial centre.
The unemployment rate in Hessen stood at 5.2%, a slight increase of 0.7 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment and female unemployment rose slightly by 0.6% and 0.9% respectively.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Hessen amounted to 2 744 449 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest decline in employment was recorded in the metalworking and electrical industry, as well as in the steel industry, a sub-sector of manufacturing.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 49 048. Compared to the same month the previous year, access to newly reported positions was lower (-8%). Since the start of the year, 39 640 new jobs have been registered by employers and 39 861 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Civil engineering
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Tax consultancy
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Building construction
- Energy engineering
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Mechatronics and automation
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Sale of clothing, electrical goods, motor vehicles, hardware
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Flooring installation
- Electrical engineering
- Woodworking and processing
- Horticulture
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Non-medical treatment and alternative medicine
- Household management and consumer advice
- Personal care
- Human resources and services
- Real estate, facility management
- Warehouse management, post, delivery, goods handling
- Chemistry
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Paint technology
- Media documentation/information services
- Office and secretarial work
- Software development and programming
- Technical media design
- Service staff in passenger transport
- Cleaning
- Advertising and marketing
- Tourism and sport
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
With a population of close to 2.1 million and an area of approximately 16 000 km², Thuringia is one of Germany’s smaller federal states. Its population density is also below the German average. Erfurt is both the state capital and the largest city. Thuringia is a landlocked federal state with no coastline or international border. Its neighbouring states are Saxony to the east and south-east, Saxony-Anhalt to the north and north-east, Lower Saxony to the north-west, Hessen to the west and Bavaria to the south.
The unemployment rate in Thuringia stood at 5.9% in April 2023, up 0.9 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.9% and female unemployment by 1.1%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Thuringia amounted to 811 820 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in the educational services sector.
- The largest decline in employment was seen in the construction industry.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 17 517. Compared to the same month the previous year, availability of newly registered vacancies was lower. Since the start of the year, 13 098 new jobs have been registered by employers and 13 340 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Nursing
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Energy engineering
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Food and beverage service activities
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Civil engineering
- Building construction
- Metal construction and welding
- Business organisation and strategy
- Warehouse management, post, delivery, goods handling
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Technical drawing, structural design, modelling
- Mechatronics and automation
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Administration
- Road vehicle driving
- Technical production planning and control
- Advertising and marketing
- Personal care
- Office and secretarial work
- Household management and consumer advice
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Saxony is a federal state in eastern Germany. It borders the federal states of Brandenburg to the north, Saxony-Anhalt to the north-west, Thuringia to the west and Bavaria to the south-west. The federal state also shares a border with Czechia to the south and with Poland to the east. The state capital is Dresden. With a population of some 4.0 million and an area of approximately 18 400 km², Saxony is one of Germany’s smaller federal states.
Saxony has an extensive tradition as a business location, and it has long had high-performing industry. Today, the Free State is one of the most dynamic federal states and has the highest job density in eastern Germany (excluding Berlin). Since 2000, Saxony’s economy has grown by 30.3% (as at March 2022). The automotive industry is one of the main industrial sectors, followed by metal production, electrical engineering / microelectronics and mechanical engineering.
The unemployment rate in Saxony stood at 6.2% in April 2023, up 0.9 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.8% and female unemployment by 1.0%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Saxony amounted to 1 660 067 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The biggest increase was in the information and communications sector.
- The largest fall in employment was seen in the construction industry.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 39 263.
Compared to the same month the previous year, availability of newly registered vacancies was lower. Since the start of the year, 29 393 new jobs have been registered by employers and 30 409 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
Qualified professional-level jobseekers stand a good chance of finding work in the following occupational categories:
- Nursing
- Tax consultancy
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Civil engineering
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Food and beverage service activities
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Energy engineering
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Animal husbandry
- Protection of property, persons, fire protection, safety at work
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Mechatronics and automation
- Metal construction and welding
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Business organisation and strategy
- Hotel industry
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Building construction
- Electrical engineering
- Paint technology, plastics, rubber manufacturing and processing
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Textile processing
- Advertising and marketing
- Media documentation/information services
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Road vehicle driving
- Technical production planning and control
- Personal care
- Tourism and sport
- Wholesale and retail trade
- Office and secretarial work
- Household management and consumer advice
- Building technology
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Saarland is the smallest non-city state, and with just under 1 million residents is the second-smallest federal state in Germany in terms of population. It borders Rhineland-Palatinate to the north and east, France to the south and Luxembourg to the west. The state capital is Saarbrücken. The Saar-Lor-Lux region, comprising Saarland, Lorraine and Luxembourg, is a prime cross-border commuting area. Saarland is one of the warmest regions in Germany.
Saarland relies on research expertise and innovation as a driver for growth and competitiveness. It has systematically built up a strong and diverse academic and research base in recent years and has been successful in many technological fields, both nationally and internationally. Saarland-based IT, healthcare and medical technology, pharmaceutical and active substance research, nanotechnology and biotechnology, materials science, mechatronics and automotive and supply technology have an excellent reputation in research and teaching.
The unemployment rate in Saarland stood at 6.8% in April 2023, up 0.8 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.6% and female unemployment by 0.9%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Saarland amounted to 396 176 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest decline in employment was recorded in the metal-working and electrical industry, as well as in the steel industry, a sub-sector of manufacturing.
The number of job vacancies reported in April 2023 was 11 104.
Compared to the same month last year, there were 1 078 fewer vacancies (-9%). Since the start of the year, 8 098 new jobs have been registered by employers and 8 581 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas*:
- Nursing
- Hotel industry
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Civil engineering
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Energy engineering
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Food and beverage service activities
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Mechatronics and automation
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Tax consultancy, interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Building construction
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Electrical engineering
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Woodworking and processing
- Floristry
- Insurance and financial services
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Purchasing and sales
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Flooring installation
- Technical drawing, structural design, modelling
- Metal construction and welding
- Horticulture
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Medical laboratories
- Administration
- Human resources and services
- Real estate, facility management
- Information technology
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Food preparation
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
* Since the figures for Saarland alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Rhineland-Palatinate.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of professional-level qualified workers in the following sectors* in particular:
- Tourism and sport
- Chemistry
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Advertising and marketing
- Precision engineering and tool engineering
- Household management and consumer advice
- Office and secretarial work
- Technical media design
- Building technology
*Since the figures for Saarland alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Rhineland-Palatinate.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Rhineland-Palatinate lies in south-western Germany and is home to some 4.1 million residents. The federal state borders North Rhine-Westphalia to the north, Hessen and Baden-Württemberg to the east, the French region of Alsace to the south and the Saar-Lor-Lux region (Saarland, Lorraine and Luxembourg) to the south and west. Rhineland-Palatinate is the German state with the largest area of territory on the left bank of the Rhine. The state capital is Mainz.
Rhineland-Palatinate has one of the highest export volumes of all the federal states in Germany. Rhineland-Palatinate lies at the heart of Europe, and has borders with France, Luxembourg and Belgium. As a result of its location, this federal state is heavily focused on cross-border cooperation, such as cross-border vocational training projects and common strategies on demographic change, education policy, energy transition, healthcare or spatial development that enable cooperation across borders and encourage outreach and exchange.
The unemployment rate in Rhineland-Palatinate stood at 4.9% in April 2023, a slight year-on-year increase of 0.6 percentage points. Male unemployment increased by 0.5% and female unemployment by 0.6%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Rhineland-Palatinate amounted to 1 499 612 and was up on the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was in real estate, self-employment, and scientific and technical services.
- The largest decline in employment occurred in the manufacture of goods predominantly consumed domestically, a sub-sector of manufacturing.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 43 200. Compared to the same month last year, there were 2 956 fewer vacancies (-6%). Since the start of the year, 28 430 new jobs have been registered by employers and 28 543 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas*:
- Nursing
- Hotel industry
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Civil engineering
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Energy engineering
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Food and beverage service activities
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Mechatronics and automation
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Tax consultancy
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Building construction
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Electrical engineering
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Woodworking and processing
- Floristry
- Insurance and financial services
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Purchasing and sales
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Flooring installation
- Technical drawing, structural design, modelling
- Metal construction and welding
- Horticulture
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Medical laboratories
- Administration
- Human resources and services
- Real estate, facility management
- Information technology
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Food preparation
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
*Since the figures for Saarland alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Rhineland-Palatinate.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of professional-level qualified workers in the following sectors* in particular:
- Tourism and sport
- Chemistry
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Advertising and marketing
- Precision engineering and tool engineering
- Household management and consumer advice
- Office and secretarial work
- Technical media design
- Building technology
*Since the figures for Saarland alone are not meaningful, they have been grouped together with Rhineland-Palatinate.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
Baden-Württemberg is situated in the south-west of Germany. The state capital is Stuttgart. In terms of both population (11.1 million) and surface area (35 700 km²), Baden-Württemberg is the third-largest German federal state.
Baden-Württemberg is a highly industrial federal state with a large export volume, and is one of the leading economic regions in Germany and Europe. Daimler, Bosch and IBM Germany all have their headquarters here. Structurally, however, the economy is characterised by a large number of medium-sized businesses, which are often world leaders in their respective product segments. In addition to the automotive industry, the mechanical and plant engineering, metal, chemical, pharmaceutical and optical industries play an important role. Baden-Württemberg remains the most innovative region in the European Union.
The unemployment rate in Baden-Württemberg stood at 3.8% in April 2023, an increase of 0.5 percentage points compared to the previous year. Male unemployment increased by 0.4% and female unemployment by 0.6%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Baden-Württemberg amounted to 4 915 212 and was up on the previous year (as at September 2022).
- The largest increase was recorded in the manufacturing sector.
- The largest drop in employment occurred in the provision of financial and insurance services.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 99 985.
Compared to the same month last year, there were 11 367 fewer vacancies (-10%). Since the start of the year, 80 796 new jobs have been registered by employers and 85 698 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Tax consultancy
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Civil engineering
- Building construction
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Hotel industry
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Energy engineering
- Woodworking and processing
- Real estate, facility management
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Sale of clothing, electrical goods, motor vehicles, hardware
- Wholesale and retail trade
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Mechatronics and automation
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Paper and packaging technology
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Food and beverage service activities
- Information technology
- Flooring installation
- Electrical engineering
- Metal construction and welding
- Horticulture
- Metal arts and crafts
- Interior design, furnishings and fittings
- Medical laboratories
- Insurance and financial services
- Human resources and services
- Business organisation and strategy
- Sale of drugstore products and pharmaceuticals, medical supplies
- Protection of property, persons, fire protection, safety at work
- Chemistry
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Food preparation
- Technical drawing, structural design, modelling
- Metal finishing
- Paint technology
- Floristry
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Event, camera and sound engineering
- Personal care
- Office and secretarial work
- Advertising and marketing
- Household management and consumer advice
- Mechanical and industrial engineering
- Technical production planning and control
- Building technology
- Textile processing
- Technical media design
- Media documentation/information services
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
The Free State of Bavaria is geographically the largest of all the federal states, and has the second-largest population (13.18 million). The state capital is Munich. Bavaria borders Czechia to the east, Austria to the south, Baden-Württemberg and Hessen to the west, and Thuringia and Saxony to the north and north-east.
Bavaria’s economy is one of the strongest in Europe. 10 out of the 30 corporations that feature in the DAX stock index, including Siemens, Adidas and BMW, are based in Bavaria. International corporations such as Microsoft, Intel and Google have established their German headquarters and laboratories here. Many of the small and medium-sized enterprises are hidden champions and world leaders in their field. Automotive and mechanical engineering are among the strongest industries in the federal state. Key industries such as biotechnology, environmental and energy technology, and aerospace are also firmly rooted in Bavaria.
The unemployment rate in Bavaria stood at 3.3% in April 2023, up 0.4 percentage points year-on-year. Male unemployment increased by 0.4% and female unemployment by 0.6%.
Employment subject to social security contributions in Bavaria amounted to 5 939 690 and was up year-on-year (as at September 2022).
- The biggest increase was in the information and communications sector.
- The largest drop in employment occurred in the provision of financial and insurance services.
The number of registered vacancies in April 2023 was 151 184. Compared to the same month last year, there were 3 054 fewer vacancies (-2%). Since the start of the year, 107 416 new jobs have been registered by employers and 104 873 jobs have been removed.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – April 2023
There were more vacancies than qualified jobseekers in the following occupational areas:
- Nursing
- Civil engineering
- Building construction
- Natural stone, mineral and building material production
- Doctors’ and practice assistants
- Tax consultancy
- Food and beverage service activities
- Plumbing, sanitation, heating and air-conditioning technology
- Interior construction and dry walling, insulation, carpentry, glazing, roller shutter installation
- Sale of foodstuffs
- Production of foodstuffs, luxury goods and tobacco products
- Woodworking and processing
- Horticulture
- Hotel industry
- Construction and transport equipment operation
- Flooring installation
- Electrical engineering
- Energy engineering
- Automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding technology
- Metal construction and welding
- Plastics and rubber manufacturing and processing
- Agriculture
- Medical, orthopaedic and rehabilitation technology
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Legal services, justice and other officers of the court
- Insurance and financial services
- Wholesale and retail trade
- Protection of property, persons, fire protection, safety at work
- Management assistants – transport and logistics
- Utility supply and waste disposal
- Painting, plastering, waterproofing of buildings, structural preservation
- Mechatronics and automation
- Paint technology
- Floristry
- Medical laboratories
- Business organisation and strategy
- Sale of clothing, electrical goods, motor vehicles, hardware
- Sales (without product specialisation)
- Information technology
- Food preparation
- Technical drawing, structural design, modelling
- Paper and packaging technology
This interactive page provides more details on occupations, requirements, covered employees, gender, working hours, age, unemployment, job vacancies, how long vacancies remain open, pay, numbers of skilled workers and other information: https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Interaktive-Angebote/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick/Berufe-auf-einen-Blick-Anwendung-Nav.html. Regional information can also be viewed for each federal state.
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023
There is currently a surplus of qualified professional-level jobseekers in the following occupational areas in particular:
- Office and secretarial work
- Household management and consumer advice
- Tourism and sport
- Textile processing
- Technical production planning and control
- Advertising and marketing
- Media documentation/information services
- Building technology
- Technical media design
- Event, camera and sound engineering
© Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency – May 2023