Labour Market Information: France

Labour market

As of 1 January 2024, about 68.4 million people lived in France. The gross domestic product per inhabitant was EUR 38 500 in 2022, 8.8% higher than the average of EUR 35 400 per inhabitant in the EU27. Between 2018 and 2022, the GDP per capita increased by 10%.

^{Note: nama_10r_2gdp, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu)}

In 2023, more than 30.9 million people were active on the labour market in France. The employment rate was 68.4%, 2 percentage points lower than the EU27 average and 3.2 percentage points higher compared to 2018. In 2023, for women, the employment rate was 66%, for men, the employment rate was 71%, and for youth, the employment rate was 35.2%, with only women having a rate higher than the EU average and with only men having a rate lower than the EU average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, data refer to working age population (15-64), youth age group (15-24)  Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu)}

In 2023, the unemployment rate was equal to the level registered in 2022. In 2023, the unemployment rate has not yet returned to the level before the pandemic, when it equaled 9.1% in 2018, and 8.5% in 2019. The unemployment rate is consistently above the EU27 average. In 2023, it was 1.3 percentage points higher in France than in the EU27.

In 2023, 86.6% of the active workforce were from France, 2.5% from other EU Member States and 9.9 from third countries. In the EU27, as of 2023, the highest proportion of the workforce comes from the respective country (85% on average), while on average a smaller portion is from foreign countries (4.3% from other EU Member States, and 10.5% from third countries).

In 2022, most employees worked in wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (18.7%), followed by manufacturing (16.1%), administrative and support service activities (11.1%) and construction (10.2%). In terms of number of enterprises, most can be found in wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (15.8%), professional, scientific and technical activities (14.6%), and construction (12.3%).

In France, the highest proportion of employees (45.9%) worked in large companies with more than 250 employees. These companies accounted for only 0.1% of all enterprises in the country, with just 6 009 of such businesses. 27.1% of persons employed worked in micro companies with up to 9 employees, 12.2% of persons employed worked in medium companies with 50 to 249 employees, 7.9% of persons employed worked in small companies with 20 to 49 employees and 6.9% of persons employed worked in small companies with 10 to 19 employees.

Vacancies

In 2024, in France, the occupational groups with the highest occurrence of shortage occupations were: science and engineering associate professionals, building and related trades workers (excluding electricians) and metal, machinery and related trades workers. On the other hand, the occupational groups with the highest occurrence of surplus occupations were: legal, social and cultural professionals, legal, social, cultural and related associate professionals and personal service workers.

Read more about labour shortages and surpluses in Europe: Labour shortages and surpluses in Europe 2023 | European Labour Authority (europa.eu)

Regarding the job vacancy rate (defined as the number of job vacancies expressed as a percentage of the total sum of occupied posts and job vacancies), in 2023 this was 3.1 % in the industry, construction and services, nearly matching the EU27 average. This rate has increased by 0.2 percentage points compared to 2022 and it is still above the situation before 2020, when it stood only at 2.2%.

^{Note: jvs_a_rate_r2, Statistics | Eurostat}

The sectors with the highest vacancy rates were: human health and social work activities; education; arts, entertainment and recreation; public administration and defence; compulsory social security; administrative and support services.

^{Note: jvs_a_rate_r2, Statistics | Eurostat}

Widely used job portals

Wages

Minimum wage

As of 1 January 2024, the statutory minimum wage in France was set at 1766.92 EUR. Collective bargaining in France is high at 98%.

Monthly average gross and net earnings

In 2023, the gross average earnings of a single person stood at EUR 3620, while the EU27 average was EUR 3417. The equivalent net wage was EUR 2 623 in France, compared to EUR 2351 in the EU27. Compared to 2018, gross average earnings increased by 12.4% in France and by 19.8% in the EU27. During the same period, the net wages have increased by 13.8% in France and by 22.1% in the EU27.

^{Note: earn_nt_net, Single person earning 100% average, annual rates transformed into 12 monthly payments. Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu)}

Trends

Go directly to Expected growing or declining sectors | Flexible work arrangements | Insufficient number of jobseekers with the required skills | Remote work | Unemployment | Workers with disabilities

Expected growing or declining sectors

For 2025, GDP growth is expected to be 0.2% per quarter over the first six months, resulting in total growth of at least 0.5% for the year. Employment is expected to be affected, with 31 000 net jobs being created in 2025, a figure significantly lower than that observed in 2023 (+107 000). The unemployment rate is expected to reach 7.6% by mid-2025.

The main growth sectors are:

• hospitality, catering and security (high seasonality and recruitment difficulties);
• IT and medical care (high recruitment difficulties, few seasonal workers);
• agricultural occupations and entertainment (fewer recruitment difficulties, use of seasonal workers);
• maintenance staff (fewer recruitment difficulties, few seasonal workers). The sectors expected to decline are:
• public service;
• teaching;
• construction and trade, however, with major recruitment difficulties in construction and automobile repair.

Flexible work arrangements (related to e.g. working time, place of work or type of contract)

In France, more and more employers are offering flexible working arrangements. By 2024, teleworking had become standard practice for 47% of companies, which had incorporated teleworking or hybrid working into their organisation’s working arrangements. 33% of French employees work remotely at least once a week. Example of possible flexible working arrangements:

• flexible working hours: employees can choose the time they start and finish work, while respecting the number of hours to be worked per week;
• teleworking: workers can work from home or from a co-working space;
• compressed work week: working more hours in fewer days to obtain extra days of leave;
• part-time work: employees work fewer hours than in a full-time job, which allows them to manage other commitments;
• annualised hours: employees agree on a total number of hours to work over the year, allowing them to better manage their time.

Insufficient number of jobseekers with the required skills

More than 6 out of 10 employers anticipated difficulties in recruiting in 2024. In general, the sectors facing skills shortages are the following:

1. Information and communication technology (ICT): strong demand for software developers, data scientists, cybersecurity engineers and cloud-computing experts.
2. Health and social care: doctors, nurses, carers and other health professionals.
3. Construction and public works: builders, electricians, plumbers and site managers.
4. Industry and engineering: engineers, technicians and specialists in automation and industrial maintenance.
5. Commerce and sales: sales representatives, shop managers and online sales professionals.
6. Transport and logistics: drivers, logistics chain managers and forklift truck operators. To address these skills shortages, France Travail offers different training solutions for jobseekers.

Remote work

The incidence of remote work has been gradually increasing in France between 2018 and 2023, from 6.6% to 10.8%. Similarly, the share of remote work as measured by ‘sometimes’ has increased from 14.1% to 22.7%. The increase in the incidence of remote work was exceptionally high during the pandemic.

^{Note: lfsa_ehomp, Product - Datasets - Eurostat}

Unemployment (e.g. long-term, youth, female, structural or low-skilled)

In the third quarter of 2024, the labour market in France showed signs of instability, with variations between age groups and gender. Young people were those most affected by the drop in unemployment. There was a slight increase in unemployment among men, while for women the rate remained stable. The issue of long-term unemployment remains a cause for concern, with a significant share of jobseekers being registered as unemployed for over a year.

• By age bracket:
• Under 25s: the number of jobseekers increased by 0.9% year-on-year.
• Aged 25 to 30: stable, with a slight decrease of 0.2% year-on-year.
• Aged 50+: increase of 0.3% year-on-year.
• By gender:
• Men: 0.8% increase in the number of jobseekers year-on-year.
• Women: the number remained stable, with a slight decrease of 0.6% year-on-year.
• Long-term unemployment:
• 43.6% of jobseekers have been registered for one year or more.

Workers with disabilities

In France, the 112 300 private companies and public industrial and commercial establishments with at least 20 employees must comply with an average minimum threshold and 5.6% of their employees should be recognised as disabled workers. In 2023, the rate of employees with disabilities in these companies was 4.7%. In addition, the unemployment rate of the recognised disabled working population stands at 12%, compared to just over 7% for the population as a whole, and more often relates to long-term unemployment (5% vs 2%). Companies wishing to recruit a person with disabilities are eligible for financial support towards adapting the workplace. The Cheops-Cap Emploi network, a member of the EURES network, specialises in helping people with disabilities return to work or stay in work.

Ile-de-France

With 12 388 388 inhabitants, Île-de-France represented about 18.2% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Île-de-France was 177.7% of the EU27 average, well above the national average of 108.8%.

Île-de-France’s GDP represents almost 30% of the national GDP, while its demographic weight is 18%.

The region’s high labour productivity is explained by a concentration of economic activity specialising in high value-added sectors with a high density of technology companies (large groups, SMEs, start-ups), of company headquarters and large administrations. There are many managerial jobs there, as decision-making and command roles are common.

Almost half of all digital jobs are located in Île-de-France. The audiovisual-publishing industry, legal, accounting, financial or IT services, tourism and culture are particularly well represented.

Overall, the tertiary sector accounts for 88% of jobs. Industry is oriented towards research and development functions, in particular in the automotive or the space industry.

The region has all the road, rail, air and waterway infrastructures needed to facilitate the flow of goods, including internationally.

In 2023, more than 6 188 600 people were active in the labour market in Île-de-France. 58.6% had tertiary education, 28.4% had secondary education, and 12.6% had primary education. The employment rate in Île-de-France was 58 % in 2023, 5.8 percentage points higher than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 54.9%, men had an employment rate of 61.5%, and for the youth the employment rate was 31.9%. The employment rates for women and men were above the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Île-de-France was 7.6% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

The Île-de-France region offers a wide variety of job vacancies in several business sectors. Candidates can check vacancies online and apply easily, using the tools made available by the region.

Here is an overview of the sectors and positions available:

Business sectors

• IT
• Communication
• Marketing
• Accounting
• Catering (e.g. cook)
• Maintenance (e.g. maintenance staff)

Specific professions

• Teachers of young children: in the medical-social sector.
• Works engineers: project managers in the engineering and works department.
• Training managers: for identifying and analysing skills needs.
• Managers of public spaces: management of green and environmental spaces.
• Legal experts in public procurement: providing support for public procurement officers.

Other opportunities

• Traineeships and sandwich courses: available in communities and structures subsidised by the region.
• Speculative applications: possibility of sending applications for posts not specifically advertised.

Centre-Val de Loire

With 2 572 735 inhabitants, Centre - Val de Loire represented about 3.8% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Centre - Val de Loire was 87.3% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

The economic fabric of the Centre-Loire Valley region is characterised by a diversity of business sectors, with a strong industrial and agricultural component and an evolving services sector. Below are the main elements of the region’s economy.

Jobs in the industrial sector account for almost 21.9% of private-sector salaried employment. Centre-Loire Valley is the number one region in France for the production of medicines, the second region for the production of cosmetic products and for the rubber industry, the third region for plastics and publishing and the fourth region for high-tech industry.

The agri-food sector accounts for just over 7% of regional employment. Centre-Loire Valley is one of the leading European regions for cereal production and is the second largest French region that produces rapeseed Diester (an alternative fuel).

The services and retail sector is facing recruitment difficulties.

In 2023, more than 1 165 000 people were active in the labour market in Centre - Val de Loire. 39.7% had tertiary education, 46.8% had secondary education, and 13.3% had primary education. The employment rate in Centre - Val de Loire was 52.8 % in 2023, in line with the national average and 1.7 percentage points higher compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 49.9%, men had an employment rate of 56%, and for the youth the employment rate was 37.8%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Centre - Val de Loire was 5.7% in 2023, 1.6 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

The Centre-Loire Valley region offers a variety of job vacancies in several business sectors. Here is an overview of the sectors and positions available:

• Economy and finance
  • Recruitment officer
  • Administrative and accounting assistant
• Transport and logistics
  • Logistics administrative officer
  • Delivery driver
• Health and social services
  • Educational and social support
  • Funeral adviser
• Retail and sales
  • Garden centre sales assistant
  • Shelf stackers
• Industry and production
  • Production operator
  • Packager/packer
• Agriculture and environment
  • Agricultural worker
  • Greenkeeper (golf courses)
• Education and training
  • Teaching assistant
  • Activity leader at a leisure centre
• Hospitality and catering
  • Receptionist
  • Mass catering employee
• Specific professions
  • Call centre employees
  • Entertainers
  • Multi-purpose employees – Various tasks in supermarkets or shops, including stacking shelves and greeting customers.
  • Reception staff – Dealing with customers in establishments such as campsites or residences.
  • Agricultural workers – Manual work in vineyards or other agricultural holdings.

Burgundy-Franche-Comté (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté)

Go directly to Burgundy | Franche-Comté

The economic fabric of Burgundy-Franche-Comté is highly industrial, with the agricultural sector also having a significant presence. Here are the main elements that define the region:

It is the most industrial region in France, with 17.3% of its jobs in industry. Key sectors in industry include: metallurgy, the manufacture of transport equipment, with car manufacturer Stellantis accounting for a large proportion of the workforce, the agri-food industry, with the Bel cheese dairies in particular, and the manufacture of electrical equipment, with establishments such as General Electric.

Agriculture accounts for 4% of the region’s jobs and value added, and the region is recognised for its sectors of excellence, particularly in producing wine, cheeses with an appellation and Bresse chickens.

Despite a lower unemployment rate than the national average, the region suffers from a deficit of skilled tertiary jobs, which limits its attractiveness.

Vacancies

The Burgundy-Franche-Comté region offers job vacancies in various sectors. Companies are looking for candidates with a variety of skills, ranging from technical experience to interpersonal skills for customer service. Here is an overview of the most sought-after sectors and occupations:

• Industry
  • Production technicians
  • Line operators
  • Maintenance staff
• Tertiary
  • Administrative assistants
  • Account managers
  • Salespersons
• Agri-food industry
  • Order pickers
  • Packing staff
  • Catering employees
• Health and personal and community services
  • Carers
  • Care assistants
  • Learning support assistant
• Construction and public works
  • Skilled workers
  • Machinery operators
  • Maintenance staff
• Hospitality and catering
  • Cleaners in hotels
  • Serving staff
  • Chefs
• Retail
  • Cashiers
  • Shelf stackers
  • Sales consultants
• Transport and logistics
  • Drivers
  • Order pickers
  • Inventory managers

Burgundy (Bourgogne)

With 1 614 580 inhabitants, Burgundy represented about 2.4% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Burgundy was 91.8% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 693 000 people were active in the labour market in Burgundy. 39.2% had tertiary education, 46% had secondary education, and 14.5% had primary education. The employment rate in Burgundy was 48.8 % in 2023, 3.4 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 1.5 percentage points lower compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 46.7%, men had an employment rate of 51.1%, and for the youth the employment rate was 37.7%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Burgundy was 7.3% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Franche-Comté

With 1 179 388 inhabitants, Franche-Comté represented about 1.7% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Franche-Comté was 82.8% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 545 900 people were active in the labour market in Franche-Comté. 39.9% had tertiary education, 47.9% had secondary education, and 11.9% had primary education. The employment rate in Franche-Comté was 54 % in 2023, 1.8 percentage point higher than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 50.8%, men had an employment rate of 57.4%, and for the youth the employment rate was 40.1%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Franche-Comté was 5.7% in 2023, 1.6 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Normandy (Normandie)

Go directly to Lower Normandy | Upper Normandy

The economic fabric of Normandy is varied and dynamic, with a strong industrial footprint, productive agriculture and a developing services sector.

The industrial sector represents an significant part of the regional economy, accounting for almost 23% of the region’s gross value added. It is particularly active in a number of sectors: the automotive industry, with more than 500 establishments, including major production sites such as Renault and Stellantis, production of refined petroleum products, aeronautics, pharmacy and chemistry, and agri-food.

The agricultural sector generates 7% of national agricultural production, with a strong specialisation in the production of dairy products, cider and fibre flax.

The services sector includes tourism-related activities, tourism being a major sector for the regional economy, attracting millions of visitors every year.

Normandy is a leader in the field of marine renewable energy, with several offshore wind farm projects underway.

Vacancies

Normandy offers a dynamic ecosystem with numerous employment opportunities in various sectors. Candidates can benefit from a pleasant living environment while gaining access to a variety of jobs that are in high demand. Here is an overview of the main sectors and occupations available:

• Industry
  • Recruitment of welders, boilermakers, engineers and technicians.
  • Services
  • Personal services sector with jobs in the crafts and artisan sector, health and personal and community services.
  • Sought-after occupations: cooks, executive assistants, payroll managers.
  • Digital
  • Rapidly growing occupations: developers, cybersecurity experts, data analysts.
  • Agri-food and maritime economy
  • Recruitment in fields related to food production and maritime logistics.
• Local public service
  • Posts such as general affairs director, environmental risk officer and IT project manager.
• Specific professions
  • Deputy finance officer
  • General affairs director
  • IT project manager
  • Energy flow and sustainable development technician
  • HR legal officer
  • Manager of sporting activities in the aquatic environment

Lower Normandy (Basse-Normandie)

With 1 472 492 inhabitants, Lower Normandy represented about 2.2% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Lower Normandy was 84.7% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 624 600 people were active in the labour market in Lower Normandy. 40% had tertiary education, 45.7% had secondary education, and 14% had primary education. The employment rate in Lower Normandy was 49.1 % in 2023, 3.1 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 1.2 percentage points lower compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 46.1%, men had an employment rate of 52.4%, and for the youth the employment rate was 37%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Lower Normandy was 5.9% in 2023, 1.4 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Upper Normandy (Haute-Normandie)

With 1 854 083 inhabitants, Upper Normandy represented about 2.7% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Upper Normandy was 94.9% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 838 300 people were active in the labour market in Upper Normandy. 37.1% had tertiary education, 48.9% had secondary education, and 13.8% had primary education. The employment rate in Upper Normandy was 52.4 % in 2023, in line with the national average and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 49.1%, men had an employment rate of 56%, and for the youth the employment rate was 41.5%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Upper Normandy was 6.9% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Hauts-de-France

Go directly to North Pas-de-Calais | Picardy

Situated at the crossroads of northern Europe, the Hauts-de-France region is in a favourable position for accessing the Paris, London and Brussels markets. The region’s economic fabric is characterised by sectoral diversity, a significant proportion of industry and service development, assisted by a strategic geographical position and excellent transport infrastructure. These factors make the region a major economic player in France and Europe.

The main business sectors are:

• Industry: the region ranks at the top for automotive and railway construction. 10.5% of jobs are related to manufacturing.
• Logistics: almost 9.5% of jobs are in the logistics sector, served by a strategic geographical position and well-developed transport infrastructure.
• Services: services for the population account for around 43% of regional employment, with a strong presence in the health and social work sectors.

Vacancies

Hauts-de-France offers a variety of employment opportunities in various sectors, ranging from logistics to personal and community services, education and trade. Here is an overview of the sectors and occupations where several job vacancies are currently available.

Business sectors

• Logistics
  • Order pickers
  • Multi-purpose logistics staff
• Personal and community services
  • Support and care-related occupations.
• Education and charity work
  • Positions in associations, in particular for humanitarian projects.
• Construction and public works
• Trade and distribution
• Childhood and early childhood
  • Apprenticeship in CAP AEPE (early childhood teaching assistant)
• Specific professions
  • Order picker
  • Home help
  • Multi-purpose logistics staff
  • Social worker: work related to dealing with and supporting households in the context of solidarity projects.
  • Apprentice childcare assistant: training and working with young children in educational establishments.

North Pas-de-Calais (Nord-Pas de Calais)

With 4 070 111 inhabitants, North Pas-de-Calais represented about 6% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in North Pas-de-Calais was 89.3% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 1 769 400 people were active in the labour market in North Pas-de-Calais. 39.4% had tertiary education, 46.8% had secondary education, and 13.6% had primary education. The employment rate in North Pas-de-Calais was 49.2 % in 2023, 3 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 45.6%, men had an employment rate of 53.2%, and for the youth the employment rate was 33.3%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in North Pas-de-Calais was 9.8% in 2023, 2.5 points higher than the national average in the same year and an increase from 8.7% in the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Picardy (Picardie)

With 1 916 353 inhabitants, Picardy represented about 2.8% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Picardy was 81.9% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 842 100 people were active in the labour market in Picardy. 35.2% had tertiary education, 45.8% had secondary education, and 18.5% had primary education. The employment rate in Picardy was 49.9 % in 2023, 2.3 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 45.6%, men had an employment rate of 54.5%, and for the youth the employment rate was 36.1%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Picardy was 9.1% in 2023, 1.8 points higher than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Grand Est

Go directly to Alsace | Champagne-Ardenne | Lorraine

Bordering Switzerland, Germany, Luxembourg and Belgium, the Grand Est region is one of Europe’s main cross-border regions. Its economic fabric is characterised by a dynamic of growth and low unemployment.

The region offers a wide range of economic activities, including:

• the automotive industry (Stellantis and Bugatti), the aeronautical industry (Safran Landing Systems) and the life sciences industry (Biovalley science and technology park);
• construction;
• services with a rapidly developing tertiary sector, particularly in major cities such as Strasbourg and Mulhouse;
• agriculture with a varied range of production, including viticulture, particularly for champagne;
• tourism – the region attracts many visitors thanks to its historical sites, its Christmas markets and its landscapes;
• transport.

The region supports investments in strategic sectors such as mobility, the green transition and reindustrialisation.

Vacancies

In the Grand Est region, several sectors are actively recruiting, offering a variety of work opportunities.

• Health sector
  • Carers
  • Nurses
  • Radiographers
• Personal and community services
  • Home helps
  • Care assistants
  • Childcare assistants
  • Nursery assistants
  • Specialised territorial staff for nursery schools
• Transport and logistics
  • Order pickers
  • Logistics staff
  • Warehouse workers
  • Warehouse managers
  • Delivery workers
  • Lorry drivers
  • Bus drivers
  • Mechanics
• Retail trade and mass distribution
  • Salespersons
  • Business advisers
  • Heads of sales
  • Shop managers
• Construction, building and public works
  • Plasterers
  • Carpenters
  • Joiners
  • Builders
  • Formworkers
  • Site managers
• Industry
  • Maintenance technicians
  • Production managers
  • Warehouse forklift operators
  • Boilermakers
  • Quality engineers

Vineyards and wine

These sectors offer a wide range of employment opportunities, responding to the growing needs of the labour market in the Grand Est region.

• In-demand occupations
  • Winegrowing workers
  • Winegrowing advisers
  • Winemaking assistants
  • Technical sales professionals
  • Sommeliers
  • Wine merchants
  • Oenologists

Alsace

With 1 932 857 inhabitants, Alsace represented about 2.8% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Alsace was 98.6% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 924 400 people were active in the labour market in Alsace. 46.5% had tertiary education, 42.6% had secondary education, and 10.8% had primary education. The employment rate in Alsace was 54.9 % in 2023, 2.7 percentage points higher than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 51.5%, men had an employment rate of 58.5%, and for the youth the employment rate was 38.3%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Alsace was 5.9% in 2023, 1.4 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Champagne-Ardenne

With 1 311 569 inhabitants, Champagne-Ardenne represented about 1.9% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Champagne-Ardenne was 96.9% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 561 900 people were active in the labour market in Champagne-Ardenne. 33.6% had tertiary education, 50.5% had secondary education, and 15.9% had primary education. The employment rate in Champagne-Ardenne was 49.4 % in 2023, 2.8 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 43.7%, men had an employment rate of 55.5%, and for the youth the employment rate was 37.6%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Champagne-Ardenne was 7.1% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Lorraine

With 2 320 856 inhabitants, Lorraine represented about 3.4% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Lorraine was 79.7% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 1 015 300 people were active in the labour market in Lorraine. 36.6% had tertiary education, 47.6% had secondary education, and 15.6% had primary education. The employment rate in Lorraine was 49.8 % in 2023, 2.4 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 45.5%, men had an employment rate of 54.4%, and for the youth the employment rate was 38.6%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Lorraine was 7.4% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Pays de la Loire

With 3 902 115 inhabitants, Pays de la Loire represented about 5.7% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Pays de la Loire was 98.9% of the EU27 average, below the national average of 108.8%.

The economy of the Loire Region is characterised by a diversity of economic sectors, including crafts, shipbuilding, tourism and agri-food. The region’s economic dynamism is also underpinned by sectors of excellence.

The main business sectors include the shipbuilding industry, luxury leather goods, boating, agri-food, aeronautics and other sectors of excellence: electronics, robotics, digital technology, future therapies, health and plants.

Between 2017 and 2022, the region recorded the second strongest growth of all French regions.

Innovation and competitiveness are driven by the ‘Technocampus’: a network of five technological research platforms supporting innovation and the ‘French Fab’ and ‘French Tech’ initiatives, which are aimed at strengthening the industrial and technological network.

The economic fabric of the Pays de la Loire is therefore characterised by a strong capacity for innovation and a sectoral diversity, which both contribute to its competitiveness and attractiveness.

In 2023, more than 1 802 300 people were active in the labour market in Pays de la Loire. 40.2% had tertiary education, 47.7% had secondary education, and 11.9% had primary education. The employment rate in Pays de la Loire was 53.7 % in 2023, 1.5 percentage points higher than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 50.8%, men had an employment rate of 56.7%, and for the youth the employment rate was 41.2%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Pays de la Loire was 6.1% in 2023, 1.2 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

The Loire Region offers a variety of job vacancies in several sectors. Here is an overview of the sectors and positions available:

Employment sectors

• Personal and community services
• Retail and sales
• Construction and public works
• Transport and logistics
• Hospitality and catering
• industry
• Agriculture
• Higher education

In-demand occupations

The job vacancies cover a wide range of occupations, including:

• Administrative assistant
• Attaché
• Engineer
• Senior principal technician
• Security guard
• Administrative manager
• Electrician team leader
• R&D project manager
• Asset management advisor

Brittany (Bretagne)

With 3 432 901 inhabitants, Brittany represented about 5% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Brittany was 94.4% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

Brittany’s economy is highly diversified and is supported by strategic sectors and a strong entrepreneurial dynamic, while it also moves towards a promising future through innovation and the green transition.

The agri-food sector is a pillar of Brittany’s economy, with renowned businesses that contribute to the region’s gastronomic reputation.

Brittany’s ports, with their modern infrastructure, are home to a flourishing fishing industry that supplies both the national and international markets.

The beauty of the Breton coast and its historical heritage attracts many tourists every year, generating significant economic benefits.

Brittany accommodates several clusters specialising in areas such as cybersecurity and digital innovation, encouraging the development of innovative businesses.

There are a large number of export companies in the region, which reinforce Brittany’s economic reach.

Investments in renewable energy and green industries offer significant opportunities for the Breton economy.

In 2023, more than 1 532 500 people were active in the labour market in Brittany. 42.5% had tertiary education, 46.9% had secondary education, and 10.4% had primary education. The employment rate in Brittany was 51.8 % in 2023, in line with the national average and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 49.3%, men had an employment rate of 54.5%, and for the youth the employment rate was 40%. The employment rates for women and the youth were above the national average, while the employment rate for men was below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Brittany was 5.4% in 2023, 1.9 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

Brittany offers a wide range of job vacancies in various sectors, reflecting the economic dynamic of the region.

Recruiting sectors:

• industry
• the food industry
• Positions sought: production manager, automated line operator.
• Construction and public works: plumbers, electricians, handymen and multi-purpose staff
• Retail: department store assistant, shop manager, inventory manager.
• Personal and community services: cleaning staff, youth worker.
• Hospitality & catering: mass recruitment to support the tourism sector.
• Occupations: tourist guide, hotelier, translator.
• Agriculture and agri-food: traditional and growth sectors. Various occupations linked to agricultural production.
• Shipping: activities related to the production of electrical and electronic products in Brest.
• Medical and paramedical sector: rapidly expanding to meet the needs of an ageing population.
• Logistics and transport: trades in high demand, particularly in materials handling.

New Aquitaine (Nouvelle-Aquitaine)

Go directly to Aquitaine | Limousin | Poitou-Charentes

The economic fabric of the New Aquitaine region is diverse and dynamic, with a thriving tourism sector that makes the region a key player in the French economy.

New Aquitaine is the leading wine production region, representing more than 30% of French wines. It is also strong in cattle farming and the production of agri-food products.

The aeronautical industry is a major sector, with hubs such as Bordeaux-Mérignac where Dassault Aviation is based. Chemistry, technology and the manufacturing of transport equipment make up the remaining activities in the industrial sector.

The tertiary sector accounts for a significant proportion of the economy, with a high concentration in business services and the non-commercial tertiary sector. Scientific and technical activities, as well as administrative and support services, are particularly dynamic.

The tourism sector is a major asset in the region, attracting 27 million tourists per year and generating more than 100 000 jobs.

Vacancies

New Aquitaine presents itself as an attractive region for young professionals and skilled workers, with an unemployment rate below the national average and numerous opportunities for traineeships and first jobs.

The New Aquitaine region offers a variety of professional opportunities in several business sectors. Here is an overview of the main fields and occupations that are recruiting:

Business sectors

• Tourism: many jobs are available in hotels, restaurants and tourist attractions.
• Industry: the region is a major industrial centre, particularly in the fields of aeronautics, chemistry and agri-food.
• Renewable energies: many jobs are being created on wind and solar farms.
• Technologies and innovation: employment opportunities in biotechnology, electronics and tech.
• E-commerce and services: the e-commerce and business and consumer services sector is experiencing strong growth.
• Wine and agriculture: job vacancies in viticulture and agriculture.

Aquitaine

With 3 566 828 inhabitants, Aquitaine represented about 5.2% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Aquitaine was 95.2% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 1 678 800 people were active in the labour market in Aquitaine. 42.6% had tertiary education, 46.3% had secondary education, and 10.9% had primary education. The employment rate in Aquitaine was 52.9 % in 2023, in line with the national average and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 50.1%, men had an employment rate of 56%, and for the youth the employment rate was 41.8%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Aquitaine was 7.2% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Limousin

With 724 181 inhabitants, Limousin represented about 1.1% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Limousin was 80.2% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 302 200 people were active in the labour market in Limousin. 43.5% had tertiary education, 45.5% had secondary education, and 10.7% had primary education. The employment rate in Limousin was 47.4 % in 2023, 4.8 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 43.3%, men had an employment rate of 51.9%, and for the youth the employment rate was 41.4%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Limousin was 6.3% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Poitou-Charentes

With 1 834 080 inhabitants, Poitou-Charentes represented about 2.7% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Poitou-Charentes was 89% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 789 100 people were active in the labour market in Poitou-Charentes. 38.7% had tertiary education, 46% had secondary education, and 15.2% had primary education. The employment rate in Poitou-Charentes was 48.5 % in 2023, 3.7 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 1.1 percentage points higher compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 45.4%, men had an employment rate of 51.8%, and for the youth the employment rate was 40.2%. The employment rates for women and men were below the national average, while the employment rate for the youth was above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Poitou-Charentes was 7.3% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Occitania (Occitanie)

Go directly to Languedoc-Roussillon | Midi-Pyrénées

The Occitania region is characterised by a rich economic fabric, a great diversity of industry and structural sectors that significantly contribute to its economic development.

The aeronautical sector is a pillar of the regional economy, with Airbus in particular recording a record number of orders and an increase in deliveries in 2023.

Occitania is a key player in the space industry, with dedicated companies and research centres.

The agri-food sector also contributes to the region’s wealth.

The health sector is booming, supporting innovation and research.

The region benefits from a strong dynamic in the field of digital technology, encouraging the development of start-ups and innovative companies.

The decarbonised energy sector is an emerging business area with initiatives to reduce industry’s carbon footprint.

In terms of GDP, Occitania is the fourth largest French region and its unemployment rate remains above the national average.

Vacancies

The region of Occitania presents a variety of job offers in several sectors and for various occupations. Here is an overview of the main categories and types of posts available:

Business sectors

• Local public service
  • Policy officers for developing and coordinating health centres.
  • Management controllers, heads of technical services, local doctors.
• IT and technology
  • IT support technicians.
  • Community information services assistants.

• Medical/social sector

  Doctors, social workers, carers in health and occupational/social integration establishments.

• Education and entertainment
  • Activity leaders for leisure centres.
  • Teachers of young children.
• Retail and sales
  • Multi-purpose sellers in retail stores.
  • Mass catering employees.
• Transport and logistics
  • Delivery drivers, order pickers.
  • Sorting staff at waste treatment centres.
• Agriculture and horticulture
  • Winegrowing and agricultural workers for the grape harvest season.

Languedoc-Roussillon

With 2 941 209 inhabitants, Languedoc-Roussillon represented about 4.3% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Languedoc-Roussillon was 82.2% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 1 221 500 people were active in the labour market in Languedoc-Roussillon. 42.9% had tertiary education, 43.7% had secondary education, and 13.2% had primary education. The employment rate in Languedoc-Roussillon was 45.9 % in 2023, 6.3 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 1.5 percentage points lower compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 42.7%, men had an employment rate of 49.6%, and for the youth the employment rate was 31.9%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Languedoc-Roussillon was 9.2% in 2023, 1.9 points higher than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Midi-Pyrénées

With 3 168 890 inhabitants, Midi-Pyrénées represented about 4.6% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Midi-Pyrénées was 95.2% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 1 451 100 people were active in the labour market in Midi-Pyrénées. 49.3% had tertiary education, 40.3% had secondary education, and 10.1% had primary education. The employment rate in Midi-Pyrénées was 52.4 % in 2023, in line with the national average and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 50%, men had an employment rate of 55%, and for the youth the employment rate was 32.9%. The employment rate for women was above the national average, while the employment rates for men and the youth were below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Midi-Pyrénées was 6.1% in 2023, 1.2 points lower than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes

Go directly to Auvergne | Rhône-Alpes

The economic fabric of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region is diverse and dynamic, making it the second biggest French region and the fourth biggest region in the European Union in terms of gross domestic product (GDP).

As France’s leading industrial region, it has over 505 000 jobs in industry.

The tertiary sector represents 74% of value added, with a high concentration in various services and the public service sector.

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes is the second most innovative region in France, with EUR 7.5 billion spent on research and development. It generates 18.6% of the patents in France.

The region is also the second largest with regard to higher education, with 377 275 students and producing a large number of engineers.

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes is the second largest tourist region in France, generating EUR 14 billion in revenue in 2020 and representing 16% of the national total.

It ranks second for the number of export companies, with 21 192 companies that export goods.

Vacancies

According to the Labour Needs Survey 2024*, the 10 most-sought-after occupations by employers in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region are:

• café and restaurant serving staff
• kitchen assistants and multi-purpose catering staff
• cooks
• cleaners
• farmers
• hotel employees
• carers
• wine growers, arboriculturalists
• social and cultural entertainment professionals
• home help and care assistants

Auvergne

With 1 368 219 inhabitants, Auvergne represented about 2% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Auvergne was 88.1% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 620 400 people were active in the labour market in Auvergne. 36.5% had tertiary education, 50.2% had secondary education, and 12.9% had primary education. The employment rate in Auvergne was 51.2 % in 2023, the national average and 1.4 percentage points higher compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 50.1%, men had an employment rate of 52.3%, and for the youth the employment rate was 42.6%. The employment rates for women and the youth were above the national average, while the employment rate for men was below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Auvergne was 7.1% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Rhône-Alpes

With 6 827 323 inhabitants, Rhône-Alpes represented about 10% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Rhône-Alpes was 107.9% of the EU27 average, below the national average of 108.8%.

In 2023, more than 3 223 600 people were active in the labour market in Rhône-Alpes. 49.2% had tertiary education, 39.3% had secondary education, and 11.1% had primary education. The employment rate in Rhône-Alpes was 55 % in 2023, 2.8 percentage points higher than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 51.3%, men had an employment rate of 59%, and for the youth the employment rate was 36.6%, all above the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Rhône-Alpes was 6.5% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur

With 5 173 952 inhabitants, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur represented about 7.6% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur was 112.4% of the EU27 average, above the national average of 108.8%.

The economy of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region is dynamic and varied, incorporating traditional sectors such as agriculture and tourism, while moving towards innovation and research.

The tourism sector operates in both summer and winter on the Côte d’Azur, Luberon, the Alps, Arles, Avignon and Mont Ventoux.

The agricultural sector mainly includes viticulture, arboriculture and specialised crops, lavender and aromatic herbs.

The energy sector focuses mainly on the production of electricity, in particular via dams such as those at Donzère-Mondragon and Serre-Ponçon.

Industry is represented by petrochemicals, with industrial sites in Fos-Marseille and the Étang de Berre, pharmaceuticals and the production of perfumes in Grasse.

Innovation and research may be found at three sites: the Cadarache nuclear research centre (ITER project), the Sophia Antipolis technology park and the aeronautics and space industry in Cannes.

In 2023, more than 2 186 600 people were active in the labour market in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. 44.7% had tertiary education, 40.9% had secondary education, and 14.1% had primary education. The employment rate in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur was 48.2 % in 2023, 4 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 44.9%, men had an employment rate of 51.9%, and for the youth the employment rate was 28.6%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur was 7.1% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

The Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) region offers a variety of job opportunities in various sectors. Here is an overview of the sectors currently recruiting and examples of the occupations available:

Recruiting sectors

• Business support
• Personal and community services
• Construction and public works
• Health
• Transport and logistics

Examples of occupations available

• Territorial engineer (Recreational Port Development Department)
• Territorial attaché (Sports Promotion and Performance Department)
• Technical officer for a cultural site (Vaucluse)
• Head of the budget and accounting service (Hautes-Alpes)
• Managing director of technical services (Var)
• Digital communication officer (Alpes-Maritimes)

Ways of searching for jobs

Job offers can be filtered by town, department or job family, making it easier for applicants to find what they are looking for. Positions are available under different types of contracts, as well as vocational training contracts.

To apply, it is recommended to prepare an up-to-date CV and use the forms available on the employment platforms.

Corsica (Corse)

With 352 851 inhabitants, Corsica represented about 0.5% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Corsica was 82.2% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

Corsica’s economy suffers from a largely negative trade balance and its specialisation in tourism makes the economy vulnerable to external economic fluctuations.

The services sector accounts for 82.2% of the region’s GDP, relying heavily on tourism, an industry in which activity has quadrupled in 20 years. Sixty per cent of tourists visit the island during the summer months, making the tourism business extremely seasonal, with 20% of jobs in the service sector being seasonal.

Industry remains underdeveloped compared to other French regions and agriculture accounts for only 2.1% of GDP, the useful agricultural area being limited.

On the other hand, the region has a high density of craft businesses, with 12 860 craft enterprises in 2016, representing the highest density of artisanal activity in France.

The Corsican economy remains dependent on public aid.

In 2023, more than 151 300 people were active in the labour market in Corsica. 35.9% had tertiary education, 41.4% had secondary education, and 22.6% had primary education. The employment rate in Corsica was 48.1 % in 2023, 4.1 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 3.4 percentage points higher compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 47.4%, men had an employment rate of 48.8%, and for the youth the employment rate was 23.6%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Corsica was 6.9% in 2023, in line with the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

The region of Corsica offers a variety of job vacancies in several sectors and for different professions.

• DIY and maintenance: several offers relate to the creation of home improvement and home maintenance agencies.
• Commerce and sales: many opportunities are found in the retail sector, including positions in DIY stores and in lingerie and clothes shops.
• Hospitality and catering: many establishments are looking for employees for a variety of jobs such as waiters, managers and receptionists in hotels and restaurants.
• Personal and community services: offers are also available for care assistants, notably in agencies such as AZAE Bastia.
• Health and social care: There are job vacancies if the health sector, in particular for social and family finance counsellors.
• Logistics and transport: Jobs in logistics are also available, including for order pickers and drivers.

Guadeloupe

With 410 013 inhabitants, Guadeloupe represented about 0.6% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Guadeloupe was 71.5% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

Guadeloupe’s economic fabric is characterised by a large number of small businesses and a dependence on the tertiary and tourism sectors.

The main business sectors are:

• The tertiary sector, which accounts for 80% of jobs and value added, with a strong public services presence.
• The agricultural sector is losing momentum. It is mainly sugar cane crops and bananas.
• The construction and public works sector is also important.
• The industrial sector remains underdeveloped and contributes only 5% of regional value added.
• The tourism sector, whilst in a favourable situation, has not yet fully exploited its potential.

Around 85% of establishments in Guadeloupe do not have any employees.

The unemployment rate is high due to structural handicaps, in particular the limited labour market and inequalities in training and education.

In 2023, more than 147 200 people were active in the labour market in Guadeloupe. 33.2% had tertiary education, 41% had secondary education, and 25.6% had primary education. The employment rate in Guadeloupe was 38.9 % in 2023, 13.3 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 37.6%, men had an employment rate of 40.4%, and for the youth the employment rate was 13.9%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Guadeloupe was 18.6% in 2023, 11.3 points higher than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

Job vacancies in Guadeloupe cover a variety of sectors and occupations, mainly focused on temporary work. Recruiters are looking for candidates for a variety of posts, in areas ranging from trade to logistics, building and administrative services. Here is an overview of the sectors, occupations and types of contracts available:

Business sectors

Retail and sales

• Shop assistants
• Cashiers and billing clerks

Logistics and transport

• Delivery drivers
• Order pickers

Administration

• Administrative assistants
• Human resources managers

Building and public works

• Road and utility network builders
• Scrap merchants
• Builder’s labourers

Services

• General staff / shelf stackers
• Cleaning staff

In-demand occupations

• Shop assistant: welcoming customers and handling payments.
• Delivery driver: delivering goods all over the island, requiring a category-B driving licence.
• Administrative assistant: diary management and welcoming visitors.
• Order pickers: preparing and packaging goods.
• Builder (roads and utility networks).
• Scrap merchants: selection and assembly of bars and mesh.

Martinique

With 353 444 inhabitants, Martinique represented about 0.5% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Martinique was 76.3% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

Martinique’s economic fabric is characterised by a diversity of sectors and a significant weight of public services and tourism.

The services sector accounts for 87% of the value added in the region, with a fast-growing tourism sector which welcomed more than 1 million tourists in 2023. In 2023, the accommodation and catering sector experienced a recovery, with turnover increasing by 11% compared to 2022.

The industrial sector contributes over 10% of value added with key industries such as oil refineries, construction, rum and the agri-food industry.

Although the agricultural sector has seen its importance fall, it remains significant, in particular thanks to its banana and rum exports.

In 2023, the combined turnover of almost 45 000 Martinique companies increased by 6.31% compared to the previous year.

In 2023, more than 143 800 people were active in the labour market in Martinique. 34.3% had tertiary education, 43.6% had secondary education, and 21.6% had primary education. The employment rate in Martinique was 44.5 % in 2023, 7.7 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 2 percentage points higher compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 44%, men had an employment rate of 45.2%, and for the youth the employment rate was 20%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Martinique was 10.8% in 2023, 3.5 points higher than the national average in the same year and a decrease from 12.5% in the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

In Martinique, several job vacancies are currently available in various sectors. Here is an overview of the sectors and occupations concerned:

Hotels and hospitality

• Greeter-supervisor

Agriculture

• Multi-purpose agricultural workers

Administration and management

• Executive assistant
• Payroll and personnel administration manager

Industry

• Distillery operator
• Fruit and vegetable order pickers

Transport and logistics

• Delivery driver

Services

• Multi-purpose employee in a leisure centre
• Home care assistant

Sales

• Mobile vendor on beaches

Cleaning

• Cleaning staff

Human resources

• Human resources profile

Inventory

• Stock taker

These offers show a diverse array of business sectors, ranging from hospitality to agriculture, administration and services. The contracts offered vary between contracts of indefinite duration (CDI), fixed-term contracts (CDD) and temporary contracts.

Guyane

With 292 892 inhabitants, Guiana represented about 0.4% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Guiana was 44.1% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

The economy of French Guiana is marked by sustained growth and a diversification of sectors. However, it remains highly dependent on imports.

• The services sector accounts for 77% of the Guyanese economy, with public authorities and the health sector being particularly prevalent. Hotel activity is mainly driven by business tourism, which accounts for more than 70% of overnight stays.
• The industrial sector makes up 18% of the Guyanese economy. It is heavily dominated by the space sector (European launch base located in Kourou) and the construction industry, which benefits from a high demand for housing due to the growing population.
• The agricultural sector accounts for 4% of the Guyanese economy. Traditional agriculture is practised by more than 80% of farmers, while mechanised agriculture is concentrated on the coastal strip. There is little land available for agriculture because 90% of the territory is under the private domain of the State.

In 2023, more than 84 300 people were active in the labour market in Guiana. 31.1% had tertiary education, 35.2% had secondary education, and 33.1% had primary education. The employment rate in Guiana was 39.9 % in 2023, 12.3 percentage points lower than the national average in France and 1.1 percentage points higher compared to 2022.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 34.8%, men had an employment rate of 46.1%, and for the youth the employment rate was 12.6%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Guiana was 14% in 2023, 6.7 points higher than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

The job vacancies available in French Guiana cover various sectors and occupations. They reflect the varied needs of the employment market in French Guiana.

Here is an overview of the sectors and types of posts available:

Administration and services

• Administrative assistant
• Executive secretary
• Entry clerk

Retail and catering

• Inventory manager
• Order taking and payment handling

Construction and public works

• Inventory supervisor for a building site
• Administrative assistant for construction companies

Health and social care

• Social support for beneficiaries
• Social data management

Technology and digital

• Digital autonomy support
• Digital public space management

Environment and cleanliness

• Urban cleanliness officer
• Construction site management

To apply, it is advisable to consult the job platforms and follow the specific instructions for each vacancy.

Réunion (La Réunion)

With 880 766 inhabitants, Réunion represented about 1.3% of the population in France in 2023.

The gross domestic product per capita, adjusted for price levels (PPS) in Réunion was 69.2% of the EU27 average, well below the national average of 108.8%.

Although diversified, the economic fabric of the island of La Réunion remains dependent on the agricultural sector and the developing tourism sector.

In the agricultural sector, sugar cane cultivation is predominant, with almost 30 000 hectares devoted to these crops, generating more than 12 000 direct and indirect jobs. There are also other crops, including pineapple, geranium, vanilla and coffee.

The fisheries sector is developing thanks to the exploitation of fishery resources in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.

By 2022, the tourism sector will have returned to its pre-health-crisis level of activity, and will continue to develop to the benefit of a predominantly French clientèle. In 2023, foreign visitors accounted for 35% of overnight stays.

The information and communication technology sector is growing, but struggles to reach international markets.

In 2023, more than 348 400 people were active in the labour market in Réunion. 29.1% had tertiary education, 43.1% had secondary education, and 27.4% had primary education. The employment rate in Réunion was 41.4 % in 2023, 10.8 percentage points lower than the national average in France and in line with 2022 figures.

The employment rate for women in 2023 was 39.2%, men had an employment rate of 43.9%, and for the youth the employment rate was 19.9%, all below the national average.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfe2emprt, Statistics | Eurostat (europa.eu), data refer to age group 15 years or over}

The unemployment rate in Réunion was 19% in 2023, 11.7 points higher than the national average in the same year and in line with the previous year.

^{Note: lfst_r_lfu3rt, Statistics | Eurostat, data refer to age group 15 years or over}

Vacancies

La Réunion offers a variety of employment opportunities in several sectors, with a higher demand for specific occupations. Several business sectors offer a wide range of job opportunities, reflecting a favourable recruitment dynamic.

Here is an overview of the sectors and professions currently recruiting:

• Private sector: Many companies are looking for candidates for various positions.
• Public sector: Employment opportunities are also present at public authorities.
• Charity sector: this sector is expanding and is actively recruiting.

The occupations with the most vacancies in La Réunion include:

• accountant
• baker
• recruitment officer
• maintenance technician
• order picker
• car mechanic

Other occupations sought

• Care assistants
• Cooks
• Payroll managers
• Works operator
• Psychologist

Recent job vacancies also concern specific occupations such as:

• holiday reps: in high demand due to the increase in tourism
• restaurant dishwashing staff
• delivery drivers
• nursery assistants
• administrative and commercial assistant apprentices
• gardeners