Labour market information: Austria

There are 9 090 868 people living in Austria (as of 1 October 2022). As an average over 2022, 3 913 652 were in employment, of whom 926 992 were foreign workers. In 2022, the labour market continued to recover in the aftermath of the coronavirus pandemic, with a further increase in the number of jobholders.

13.3% of Austrian workers commute to another province and 0.8% commute abroad (only figures for 2020 are currently available).

The labour market in 2022 was characterised by a sharp increase in companies’ demand for staff. Although growth momentum slowed somewhat during the year, some sectors still face acute labour shortages.

The gradual phasing out of Covid-related restrictions imposed due to the pandemic brought about a rapid and widespread recovery of the tight labour market situation within the accommodation and catering sector. Demand for human resources from companies in these sectors increased significantly in 2022 (2022: +25 800), and may therefore return to pre-crisis employment levels.

In 2022, unemployment continued to fall significantly compared to 2021. On average, 263 121 people were registered as unemployed with the Public Employment Service Austria (Arbeitsmarktservice Österreich, AMS) in 2022 (-68 620 compared to the previous year). In 2022, the unemployment rate stood at just 6.3% according to the national calculation. According to the international definition, the estimated unemployment rate for 2022 was less than 5%.

The average unemployment rate for young people (up to 25 years of age) also fell, to 5.4% in 2022 (-0.9% compared to the previous year). Unemployment among the older generation (55+) stood at 8.5% in Austria in the same period, a 1.5% drop compared to the previous year. The unemployment rate for foreign nationals (9.1%) is significantly higher than the Austrian average (6.3%), whereas the number of registered unemployed persons from the EU/EEA/Switzerland (6.1%) hardly differs from the unemployment rate in Austria as a whole.

2023 will also see a significant economic slowdown, as a result, among other things, of the war in Ukraine and the associated high energy costs and rising inflation. Growth in GDP is expected to be just +0.3% in 2023. Companies are unlikely to increase staffing levels further, if at all. On balance, only around 16 500 additional jobs will be created in 2023.

An increase in the number of people registered unemployed is expected in 2023. The average number of unemployed persons for the year will be up by 13 100 compared to the previous year. The registered unemployment rate for 2023 will therefore increase to 6.9%.

Against the background of the loss of purchasing power among private households and continuing staff shortages, increases in staffing levels in the accommodation and catering sector will be modest in 2023, at +5 900. In 2023, there will also be a significant reduction in employment gains for both women and men in other sectors, such as business services, health and social care, public administration, the wholesale and retail trade, information and communication, and goods manufacture.

Employment growth in predominantly industrial regional labour markets will be below average in 2023 due to sharply rising energy and commodity prices, persistently tight supply chains and subdued domestic and international demand. This will apply in particular to Upper Austria and Styria.

The strong employment growth in 2022 will decelerate significantly for both domestic and foreign workers in 2023. The weaker growth in domestic labour is offset by migrant workers as the result of demographic change. In 2023, around 922 500 foreign workers will be employed in the Austrian labour market (equivalent to almost a quarter of the total workforce). Foreign workers are more subject to economic fluctuations than domestic workers in terms of their employment opportunities.

In 2022, unemployment was significantly reduced among those people who only have a compulsory schooling qualification. However, the unfavourable labour market trend expected for 2023 will disproportionately affect people with only lower secondary education.

Social and personal skills, such as strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress and willingness to learn, but also intercultural skills (working in international teams) and knowledge of English are prerequisites for obtaining qualified employment in almost all sectors.

In the healthcare sector, familiarity with medical information systems is important, as is experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills. For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

The largest employers with the most employees include Spar österreichische Gruppe (food, drinks and tobacco), Rewe International AG (food retail, drugstores, tourism), Strabag SE (construction), Voestalpine AG-Gruppe (metal), ÖBB Holding AG (passenger and goods transport), Porsche Holding GmbH (cars and car dealerships), Wiener Gesundheitsverbund (healthcare), Österreichische Post AG (post, logistics, service), Niederösterreichische Landesgesundheitsagentur (healthcare) and Andritz AG (metalworking, production) (2021).

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Most vacancies are to be filled using unskilled workers (in the construction sector, in the area of general unskilled work, tourism, etc.) and skilled workers.

Unskilled construction workers and operators of goods handling equipment (with a compulsory schooling qualification), electrical fitters and electricians (also with higher levels of education), building, metal and construction fitters, fitters, lathe operators, bricklayers, carpenters, painters and decorators, joiners and cabinetmakers, pipe fitters, machine fitters, motor vehicle technicians and mechanics, and industrial mechanics and welders (unskilled workers but chiefly skilled workers with professional experience) are being sought, particularly in Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Styria and Vienna.

There is a demand for skilled tourism and hospitality workers, primarily with a vocational qualification (restaurant chefs, waiters, managers) and for unskilled workers (kitchen assistants, waiters, housekeeping staff, buffet and bar staff, restaurant chefs, pot washers, etc.) with a compulsory schooling qualification, in particular in Tyrol, Salzburg, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Vienna, Styria and Carinthia, and in the tourist regions of the other provinces. Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

Sales staff in the food sector, shop and entrance cashiers, other sales staff (with a compulsory schooling qualification and completed apprenticeships), sales representatives, advertising specialists and porters are in demand, particularly in Vienna, Upper Austria, Lower Austria and Styria. The number of part-time employees is still on the rise in the wholesale and retail trade.

Goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers and packers, haulage contractors and drivers, and labourers (mainly unskilled staff, but also those with vocational qualifications) are in demand mainly in Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Styria, Salzburg and Vienna. There are vacancies for cleaning staff in Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Styria and Vienna in particular.

Hairdressers with vocational qualifications who are flexible and willing to learn are finding jobs in Vienna, Upper Austria and Lower Austria.

Qualified (with intermediate and higher level qualifications) and unqualified nursing staff (with compulsory schooling, vocational and intermediate qualifications) are in demand in all provinces, but in particular in Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Vienna and Styria.

In technical occupations there is demand mainly for technicians in the fields of data processing, construction, high-voltage/low-voltage systems, business administration and mechanical engineering, in particular in Upper Austria and Vienna, but also in Styria and Carinthia. Machine fitters with higher educational qualifications are also finding jobs, mainly in Upper Austria.

There are also vacancies for childcare workers (with higher qualifications in Vienna), welfare and social workers (with compulsory schooling and intermediate qualifications in Vienna, Upper Austria, Lower Austria), as well as for active business owners and directors (mostly with higher qualifications) and industrial and commercial specialists (with intermediate and higher qualifications), bookkeepers and office clerks and support staff with intermediate or higher qualifications or vocational qualifications, mainly in Lower Austria, Vienna, Styria and Upper Austria.

There are vacancies for academically trained graduate engineers for mechanical engineering, high-voltage/low-voltage systems, business administration and data processing, but also legal advisers and lawyers, public accountants, active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial professionals, doctors and other qualified medical technicians, welfare and social workers as well as childcare workers but also social scientists, economists and other academics, psychologists and philosophers, in particular in Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Vienna and Styria.

Most vacancies are advertised in the provinces of Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Styria and Vienna.

On average in 2022, the highest level of unemployment could be found among unskilled construction workers, bricklayers, electricians/electromechanical technicians, painters and decorators, carpenters, pipe fitters, motor vehicle technicians, building fitters, sheet metal and structural fitters, machine fitters, other fitters, machinists, operators of goods handling equipment, earth moving and construction machine operators, industrial mechanics, joiners and cabinetmakers, gardeners and gardening assistants, technicians for data processing, mechanical engineering, construction and business administration (with intermediate and higher education) and hairdressers, as well as in tourism professions (hoteliers, managers, waiters, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs, pot washers, buffet and bar staff, housekeeping staff, caretakers, porters and security guards, travel and tourism professionals), also with intermediate and higher education, and also in particular in cleaning occupations, among unskilled labourers, in the field of depot and warehouse work, among goods sorters and packers, among graphic designers, haulage contractors and drivers, and shop and entrance cashiers.

Unemployment is particularly high in sales, but also among sales representatives, advertising specialists and consumer advisers.

Many skilled workers are also registered as unemployed among industrial and commercial professionals, office workers and administrative assistants, bookkeepers, correspondence clerks and office secretaries, depot and warehouse specialists, active business owners and directors, and banking, savings and insurance specialists.

However, qualified and unqualified healthcare workers and nurses, welfare and social workers, childcare workers, and people in exercise and sports professions are also affected by unemployment.

Available workers with an academic qualification can be found among active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial professionals, banking, savings and insurance specialists, correspondence clerks, bookkeepers and office workers, but also sales staff, sales representatives, advertising specialists, business consultants, accountants, graphic designers, architects, graduate engineers in the fields of construction, business administration, mechanical engineering and data processing, and legal advisers and lawyers.

In the healthcare sector, medical professionals, both unqualified and qualified nursing staff, and doctors are looking for suitable vacancies.

Childcare workers, welfare and social workers, social scientists and economists and other academics, lecturers and teachers, writers and journalists, as well as artistic directors, actors, stage and film set designers, and professionals in the exercise and sports professions are available as workers.

In the tourism and hospitality sector, university graduates who have worked as waiters, assistant chefs, restaurant chefs, porters and security guards, managers and hoteliers are looking for vacancies.

A large number of university graduates with experience in the fields of cleaning, haulage, unskilled labour, goods sorting and packing, delivery of goods and depot and warehouse work are also registered as unemployed.

The highest levels of unemployment by far are among people who have compulsory schooling qualification, followed by those with a vocational qualification.

By comparison, individuals with intermediate school qualifications and university graduates are the least affected by unemployment.

Unemployment is highest by far in Vienna, followed by Lower Austria, Styria and Upper Austria.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

This also affects people (e.g. in the wholesale and retail trade and in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are limited in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations.

There are 405 542 people living in Vorarlberg (as of 1 October 2022), making up 4.5% of the total Austrian population. The average number of jobholders in 2022 was 171 645, of whom 46 755 were foreign workers.

Vorarlberg is a traditional commuter province due to its border with Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany. Only 2.3% of workers commute to other provinces, but 7.8% commute to neighbouring foreign countries (currently only 2020 figures are available).

In 2022, an average of 8 975 people were registered as unemployed (-2 649 people compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate in 2022 was 5% (-1.5% compared to the previous year), which was below the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate among young people (up to 25 years of age) continued to fall in 2022 compared to the previous year, standing at only 4.8% (-0.9% compared to the previous year), while the unemployment rate among the older generation (55+) stood at 6.4% (calculated nationally in each case) and was therefore above the Austrian average (8.5%).

The Vorarlberg economy recovered in 2022. For example, as an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’(+21.3%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+13.3%), ‘Other service activities’ (+5.9%), ‘Information and communication’(+5.4%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation (+2.8%), ‘Energy supply’ (+2.5%) ‘Transport and storage’ (+2.4%), ‘Health and social care’ (+2.2%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+1.6%), ‘Real estate and housing activities’ (+1.2%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+1.1%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical activities’ (+1%), ‘Construction’ (+0.8%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+0.6%), and ‘Mining’ (+0.4%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors in 2022 include ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (-0.6%), ‘Water supply’ (-6.1%), ‘Agriculture and forestry’ (-6.4%) and ‘Private households’ (-16.8%).

Economic growth will be weak in 2023 due to the high energy costs, high inflation and subdued domestic and international demand.

Owing to the service-orientated nature of Vorarlberg’s economy, an annual average increase in employed people of +800 can be expected in 2023, significantly lower than in the previous year. 2023 will see an annual average increase in unemployment of around 400 people compared to the previous year. The unemployment rate will also increase slightly.

The proportion of professions requiring a vocational qualification or a technical college education is high in Vorarlberg compared to other provinces. Within the professions requiring vocational or technical college qualifications, much of the workforce is concentrated in service professions and commercial professions, and the remainder in manual and industrial occupations.

Jobs at a graduate level (requiring university or university of applied sciences qualifications) are exhibiting fundamentally positive growth mainly in the technical and natural sciences sector and in the healthcare sector.

The essential social skills in almost all areas include strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), and knowledge of English and other languages.

In the healthcare sector, familiarity with medical information systems is important, as is experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills. For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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As an annual average for 2022, the largest numbers of vacancies are to be found in the regions of Bregenz, Dornbirn and Feldkirch. Most of the positions are filled by people with a vocational qualification.

In 2022, the number of job vacancies reported in the tourism sector was growing strongly. There is seasonal demand in the tourist regions for skilled tourism and hospitality workers with a vocational qualification (restaurant chefs, waiters) and for unskilled workers (assistant chefs, waiters, cleaners, housekeeping staff, restaurant chefs, buffet and bar workers, pot washers) with a compulsory schooling qualification. Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in these sectors.

Sales staff with a vocational qualification, but also those with a compulsory schooling qualification and industrial and commercial professionals and active business owners (including those with intermediate, higher and academic qualifications) with vocational qualifications are in demand.

Haulage contractors and drivers, goods sorters and packers (with a compulsory schooling qualification and completed apprenticeship), depot and warehouse workers, construction labourers, unskilled workers and unskilled metal workers, predominantly with a compulsory schooling qualification, also find vacancies.

Electricians, electromechanical technicians, building fitters, sheet metal workers and structural fitters, other fitters, lathe operators, pipe fitters, industrial mechanics, motor vehicle mechanics, painters and decorators, bricklayers, carpenters and joiners and cabinetmakers, and weavers and technicians for mechanical engineering and data processing, mainly with a vocational qualification and professional experience or specialist know-how, will find vacancies throughout Vorarlberg, especially in Bregenz.

In Vorarlberg in 2022, there were vacancies for qualified and unqualified nursing staff and welfare and social workers with intermediate and higher education. There are also vacancies throughout Vorarlberg for technicians with intermediate and higher technical college qualifications in the fields of data processing, construction and mechanical engineering.

Active business owners and directors with university degrees, IT experts with academic degrees, doctors and medical technicians, childcare workers, and social and welfare workers are in demand throughout Vorarlberg in 2022.

Overall, unemployment in Vorarlberg decreased in 2022 compared to the previous year. Nevertheless, despite the economic recovery, 2022 saw many people in the tourism and hospitality sector registered as unemployed (in particular waiters, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs, housekeeping staff, cleaners and managers). There are also many people registered as unemployed among goods sorters and packers, sales staff in the wholesale and retail trade, advertising specialists, unskilled workers, depot and warehouse staff, industrial and commercial specialists, haulage contractors and drivers, active business owners and directors, workers in office and administrative occupations, skilled depot and warehouse staff, and among bricklayers, construction labourers, metalworkers, industrial mechanics, electricians, painters and decorators, fitters, and hairdressers.

There is also unemployment among childcare workers and non-graduate healthcare workers and nurses, as well as welfare and social workers.

Among jobseekers with a university degree, there is a large number of active business owners, industrial and commercial specialists, welfare and social workers, childcare workers, legal advisers and lawyers, architects and graduate data processing engineers. However, there are also many unemployed university graduates among waiters, unskilled workers, goods sorters and packers, and sales staff in the wholesale and retail trade.

In 2022, the highest proportion of total unemployment in Vorarlberg is in the regions of Bregenz, Feldkirch and Dornbirn. The highest levels of unemployment are among people with a compulsory schooling qualification or a vocational qualification as their highest level of education.

People who are registered as unemployed are, on the whole, often those with comparatively low-level qualifications, little professional experience, persons facing sometimes considerable obstacles to employment (lack of social skills, social problems, physical or psychological limitations, etc.) and those with a lack of specialist skills.

Also affected are people (e.g. in the wholesale and retail trade sector and the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are limited in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare responsibilities.

There are 769 613 people living in Tyrol (as of 1 October 2022), making up 8.5% of the total Austrian population. On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 350 692, of which 87 867 are foreign workers.

4.3% of workers commute to another province and 1% to a neighbouring foreign country (only figures for 2020 are currently available).

Tyrol’s economy, which is characterised by tourism, recovered significantly in 2022.

On average, a total of 14 724 people are registered as unemployed (-8 411 compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate in 2022 therefore is only 4% (-1.5%), which is still below the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate decreased significantly again in 2022 compared to 2021. The unemployment rate for young people (up to 25 years old) is 3.5% in 2022 (-2% compared to the previous year), and the unemployment rate for older people (55+) is 5.3%, thus being lower than Austria as a whole (8.5%).

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+30.9%), ‘Transport and storage (+13.5%), ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing’ (+10.3%), ‘Energy supply’ (+8.5%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+7.5%), ‘Mining and quarrying’ (+7.2%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+6.8%), ‘Information and communication’ (+6.8%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+6.3%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+4.8%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical services’ (+4.6%), ‘Real estate and housing’ (+3.1%), ‘Construction’ (+2.9%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+2.6%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+2.3%), ‘Health and social care’ (+1.5%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+1.5%), ‘Other service activities (+0.5%), ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (+0.3%) are among the job-creators.

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

In 2023, the number of people in employment will only increase by +1 700. Unemployment will rise by an average of +1 700 people in 2023 compared to the previous year. The unemployment rate will also increase, albeit slightly by 0.1%.

The essential personal and social skills in almost all sectors include strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn and intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In the healthcare sector, familiarity with medical information systems is important, as is experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills. For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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The situation in the highly tourism-oriented Tyrolean economy recovered significantly in 2022. Most vacancies are in the Innsbruck region, followed by Kufstein, Schwaz and Kitzbühel. Most vacancies are to be filled by unskilled workers and apprenticeship graduates.

Electricians, motor vehicle mechanics, joiners and cabinetmakers, building fitters, sheet metal and structural fitters, fitters, lathe operators, pipe fitters, painters and decorators, carpenters, bricklayers, but also unskilled construction workers, crane operators, goods handling equipment operators (mainly skilled workers with professional experience and vocational qualifications, but also unskilled workers with compulsory schooling qualification) are required, especially in Innsbruck and Kufstein.

There is a seasonal demand for tourism and hospitality professionals with a vocational qualification and intermediate or in some cases higher qualifications (restaurant chefs, waiters, managers) in Innsbruck, Kitzbühel, Schwaz and Kufstein as well as for unskilled workers (assistant chefs, restaurant chefs, waiters, housekeeping staff, pot washers, caretakers, cleaners), people in the exercise and sports professions with a compulsory schooling qualification in the tourist regions (in particular Innsbruck and Kufstein).

In 2022, there is demand for wholesale and retail traders and sales staff, advertising specialists, shop and entrance cashiers, porters and security guards with a compulsory schooling qualification or a vocational qualification (mainly in Innsbruck), haulage contractors and drivers (mainly in Innsbruck), depot and warehouse workers, goods sorters and packers in Innsbruck and Kufstein, unskilled labourers predominantly with compulsory schooling qualification but also a vocational qualification, as well as hairdressers (vocational qualification) and technicians for mechanical engineering and data processing, including with higher levels of education, in particular in Innsbruck.

Active business owners and directors, bookkeepers, industrial and commercial specialists, office staff with a vocational qualification but also intermediate and higher qualifications are needed in Innsbruck and Kufstein in particular.

Similarly, non-graduate and graduate nursing staff (with a compulsory schooling certificate, specialist training or an intermediate or higher schooling qualification) are finding employment particularly in the regions of Innsbruck and Kitzbühel. Social and welfare workers are also finding work, particularly in Innsbruck.

Qualified healthcare and nursing staff, qualified medical technicians with an academic degree, graduate engineers for mechanical engineering and data processing and mechanical engineering (academic training), childcare workers and active business owners with a tertiary qualification are mainly sought after in Innsbruck but also in Kufstein and Kitzbühel.

In 2022, the number of people registered as unemployed in Tyrol reduced significantly compared to the previous year, but there are still people registered as unemployed, for example in the tourism and hospitality sector. Potential workers can be found in particular among waiters, housekeeping staff, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs, buffet and bar staff, pot washers, managers (including with intermediate and higher school qualifications), etc. There is also unemployment in the sectors ‘General unskilled work’, wholesale and retail trade, and cleaning, among goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse staff, haulage contractors and drivers. There are also available workers among unskilled construction workers, earth moving and construction machine operators, civil engineers, bricklayers, but also among carpenters, painters and decorators, electricians, pipe fitters, plumbers, joiners and cabinetmakers.

Unemployment is also high among industrial and commercial professionals, office and administrative specialists, and especially among active business owners and directors.

There are also available workers among unqualified nursing staff, welfare and social workers, childcare workers, technicians for data processing and people in exercise and sports professions.

Among university graduates, there is a particularly large number of active business owners, office and administrative specialists, industrial and commercial specialists, managers, waiters, advertising specialists, trade and retail specialists, architects, graduate data processing engineers, lawyers and legal advisers, doctors and other medical technicians, welfare and social workers, childcare workers, other academics and graduate professionals in exercise and sports professions, and university graduates in the general unskilled labour sector who are registered as jobseekers.

In 2022, the highest proportion of total unemployment in Tyrol by far is to be found in the Innsbruck area, followed by Kufstein, Schwaz and Landeck. The highest levels of unemployment are among people with a compulsory schooling qualification as their highest level of education, closely followed by those with a vocational qualification.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

This also affects people (e.g. in the wholesale and retail trade and in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are limited in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations.

There are 568 317 people living in Salzburg (as of 1 October 2022), making up 6.3% of the total Austrian population. On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 267 989, of which 68 906 are foreign workers.

7.5% of workers commute to other provinces and 1% particularly to neighbouring Germany (only figures for 2020 are currently available).

In 2022, Salzburg’s economy recovered significantly due to its service orientation with a focus on tourism.

A total of 10 230 people are registered as unemployed (-4 900 people compared to the previous year). The average unemployment rate for the year is 3.7% (-1.9% compared to the previous year) and is therefore significantly below the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate for young people (up to 25 years old) in 2022 in Salzburg is 3.5% (-2.5% compared to the previous year), and the unemployment rate for older unemployed people (55+) is 4.7% (-2.1% compared to the previous year) (calculated nationally)

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+25.9%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+8.6%),‘Agriculture and forestry’ (+7.7%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+7.2%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+6.5%), Information and communication’ (+5.4%), ‘Transport and storage’ (+4.8%), ‘Energy supply’ (+4.8%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+2.5%), ‘Health and social care’ (+2.2%), ‘Real estate and housing activities’ (+1.4%), ‘Other service activities (+1.2%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+1%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+0.7%) and ‘Construction’ (+0.3%), are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors include ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (-0.7%), ‘Mining’ (-0.7%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (-1.3%) and ‘Private households’ (-3.4%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

In 2023 the number of employed people is expected to increase slightly by 1 100 compared to 2022. The number of people registered as unemployed will increase again in 2023 (+900) compared to 2022. The unemployment rate will also increase slightly by 0.1% compared to 2022.

Jobs at graduate level (requiring university or university of applied sciences qualifications) and those typically requiring the Austrian Matura (secondary education certificate) are enjoying positive sustainable growth, especially in the tourism and healthcare sectors. Overall, the level of qualification is rising in all sectors.

The essential personal and social skills in almost all sectors include strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In healthcare and social services and the childcare and education sectors, there is still predominantly a demand for qualified healthcare workers and nurses, as well as doctors, carers for the elderly with specialist training, home helps, child minders and teachers, in general, staffing for the care, counselling and support and teaching sectors. In healthcare professions, familiarity with medical information systems is an important qualification, as is experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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As an annual average for 2022, the largest number of vacancies are to be found in the Salzburg region, the city of Salzburg, Zell am See and Bischofshofen.

In the city of Salzburg, in the Salzburg region, but also in Zell am See and Bischofshofen, there is a demand for skilled workers with a vocational qualification, in particular bricklayers, carpenters, roofers, painters and decorators, fitters and building, sheet metal and structural fitters (including unskilled workers), pipe fitters, industrial mechanics, motor vehicle mechanics, electricians and electrical engineers (including unskilled workers) and joiners and cabinetmakers.

In the construction industry, however, there are also vacancies for experienced workers in the fields of unskilled construction work, welding and goods handling also however for bricklayers in the Salzburg region, the city of Salzburg, Zell am See and Bischofshofen.

The tourism sector largely recovered in 2022, and there is a demand for skilled workers mainly with vocational qualifications (restaurant chefs, waiters, managers) as well as unskilled workers (assistant chefs, waiters, housekeeping staff, cleaners, buffet and bar staff, restaurant chefs, pot washers, managers, caretakers) with a compulsory schooling qualification in the tourist regions, particularly in the city of Salzburg, the Salzburg region and Zell am See. Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

Shop and entrance cashiers, petrol station attendants, advertising specialists and consumer advisers, depot and warehouse specialists and manual workers in railway occupations (predominantly with a compulsory schooling qualification) are employed mainly in the Salzburg region and city of Salzburg.

In particular in the city of Salzburg, the Salzburg region and Bischofshofen, there are vacancies for sales staff (including unskilled workers), wholesale and retail traders, advertising specialists, unqualified nursing staff (unskilled workers) and hairdressers (compulsory schooling qualifications and vocational qualifications), IT technicians (including with intermediate and higher qualifications), industrial and commercial professionals, skilled office workers, bookkeepers and active business owners and directors (including with intermediate and higher qualifications).

Sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, haulage contractors and drivers and general unskilled workers with compulsory schooling qualifications are mainly sought after in the city of Salzburg, Salzburg region and the areas around Salzburg.

There are vacancies for qualified and unqualified healthcare workers and nurses (predominantly with intermediate and higher qualifications) in the Salzburg region, Zell am See and Bischofshofen.

Technical specialists with higher school qualifications in the field of mechanical engineering, construction, data processing and high-voltage and low-voltage systems are in demand in Salzburg.

Active business owners, IT specialists, doctors and other medical technicians, nursing staff and childcare workers with academic qualifications are predominantly in demand in the city of Salzburg, in the Salzburg region, Zell am See and in Bischofshofen.

In 2022, unemployment fell sharply again in Salzburg, while the economy, in particular the tourism sector, picked up again. Nevertheless, in 2022, unemployed people are to be found in the tourism and hospitality industry (waiters, housekeeping staff, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs) as well as among cleaners, goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse staff, wholesale and retail traders, sales representatives, unskilled workers, haulage contractors and drivers.

In the construction sector, unemployed unskilled and skilled workers are also registered among bricklayers, unskilled construction workers and painters and decorators.

People working in office and administrative professions, active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial specialists, unqualified healthcare workers and nurses are also affected relatively strongly by unemployment.

Higher unemployment can be found among university graduates, especially among active business owners and directors, childcare workers, advertising professionals, sales staff, industrial and commercial professionals, people working in office and administrative professions, other academics, university graduates in exercise and sports professions, but also graduates in accommodation and catering services (managers, waiters) and technicians (data processing, business administration).

On average in 2022, the proportion of total unemployment is highest in the Salzburg region, the city of Salzburg, Zell am See and Bischofshofen. Most of those registered as unemployed have a compulsory schooling qualification or a vocational qualification as their highest qualification.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

Also affected are people (e.g. in the wholesale and retail trade sector and the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are limited in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare responsibilities.

There are 568 946 people living in Carinthia (as of 1 October 2022), making up 6.2% of the total Austrian population. On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 221 824, of which 38 616 are foreign workers.

8.9% of people in employment commute to other provinces (mainly Vienna, Styria and Tyrol) and less than 0.2% to neighbouring foreign countries (only figures for 2020 are currently available).

Due to the recovery of the economy, there was a fall in unemployment figures in 2022 and an increase in available vacancies.

As an annual average, a total of 16 997 people are registered as unemployed in 2022 (-3 972 people compared to the previous year). The average unemployment rate for 2022 is 7.1% (-1.7% compared to the previous year) and is therefore above the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate for young people (up to 25 years of age) in 2022 stands at 5% (-1.1% compared to the previous year), and the unemployment rate for older unemployed people (55+) is 10.6% and is therefore above the Austrian average (8.5%).

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+11.9%), ‘Information and communication’ (+7.9%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+5.8%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical activities’ (+4.5%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+4.2%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+4%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+3.7%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+3.1%), ‘Energy supply’ (+2.7%), ‘Health and social care’ (+2.3%), ‘Agriculture and forestry’ (+1.9%), ‘Mining’ (+1.3%), ‘Construction’ (+1%), ‘Transport and storage’ (+0.9%), ‘Other service activities’ (+0.2%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+0.2%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors in 2022 include ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (-0.5%)’, ‘Real estate and housing activities’ (-7.1%) and ‘Private households’ (-12.5%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

In 2023 the number of employed people is expected to increase slightly by 700 compared to the previous year. Unemployment will increase slightly in 2023 compared to 2022 (+500). The unemployment rate will increase in 2023, albeit slightly by 0.2%.

In Carinthia, the proportion of professions requiring a vocational qualification or a technical college education is relatively high. Within the professions requiring vocational or technical college qualifications, half of the workforce is concentrated in service jobs, particularly in commercial jobs, and the remainder in manual and industrial occupations.

The essential personal and social skills across all sectors include in particular strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In the healthcare sector, important qualifications include a familiarity with medical information systems and experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills. The ability to work in a team, commitment and intercultural skills will improve cooperation.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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There are vacancies in Klagenfurt, Villach, Spittal and Wolfsberg in the construction, metal work and electrical sectors (unskilled construction workers, bricklayers, carpenters, painters and decorators, joiners and cabinetmakers, fitters, building, sheet metal and structural fitters, machine fitters, other fitters, motor vehicle mechanics, pipe fitters, industrial mechanics, electrical mechanics and electricians, mechanical engineers, lathe operators), predominantly with vocational qualifications.

In 2022, the largest number of vacancies are to be found in the Villach and Klagenfurt regions. Most positions are to be filled by people with a vocational qualification and a compulsory schooling qualification.

In 2022, the situation in the tourism and hospitality sector stabilised again after the falls in employment levels in 2020 and 2021, resulting in an increase in employment. Skilled tourism and hospitality workers, primarily with a vocational qualification (restaurant chefs, waiters) but also with a compulsory schooling qualification as their highest level of education (waiters, housekeeping staff, assistant chefs, restaurant chefs, buffet and bar staff, pot washers) are in demand particularly in Klagenfurt, Villach and Spittal an der Drau. Shop and entrance cashiers and cleaners were also sought after (mainly in Klagenfurt and Villach). Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

There are vacancies in particular in Klagenfurt and Villach for wholesale and retail traders and sales staff (with a compulsory schooling qualification and a vocational qualification), unskilled workers, haulage contractors and drivers, depot and warehouse staff, goods sorters and packers (mainly with a compulsory schooling qualification). Technicians for mechanical engineering, construction and data processing with a vocational qualification and intermediate and higher levels of training are in demand in Villach and Klagenfurt. There is demand particularly in Klagenfurt and Villach for active business owners (including university graduates), industrial and commercial specialists, specialists in office and administrative professions, graduate engineers for data processing and technical physics, high-voltage and low-voltage systems (academic training) as well as qualified and unqualified healthcare and nursing staff with intermediate or higher levels of education, other skilled medical staff, welfare workers and childcare workers (with academic qualifications).

On average in 2022, there is unemployment in the construction, metal and electrical sectors, in particular among bricklayers, unskilled construction workers, carpenters, painters and decorators, civil engineers, machinists, electricians, plumbers, earth moving and construction machine operators, and joiners and cabinetmakers, as well as among goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers and, above all, unskilled workers. Traders and sales staff, sales representatives, hairdressers and haulage contractors and drivers are also affected.

There is a particularly high number of people registered as unemployed in the hospitality sector, including cleaners, waiters, housekeeping staff, restaurant chefs and assistant chefs, caretakers, as well as some managers, hoteliers and restaurateurs.

There is also high unemployment among active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial professionals and office and administrative staff. There are both unqualified and qualified nursing staff, people in exercise and sports professions, welfare and social workers as well as childcare workers and some advertising specialists, technicians for the sectors construction, mechanical engineering, data processing, and banking, savings and private insurance specialists available throughout Carinthia.

Unemployment amongst people with a university degree is relatively high in the case of active business owners and directors, skilled office and administrative staff, industrial and commercial professionals, other academics, lawyers and legal advisers and teachers. However, there are also jobseekers among skilled medical technicians and university graduates with technical training in the field of data processing. There are also university graduates seeking work among unskilled workers and in the wholesale and retail trade. Welfare, social and childcare workers are also affected by unemployment.

Most of those registered as unemployed have a vocational qualification or a compulsory schooling qualification as their highest qualification. Unemployment is highest in the Klagenfurt, Villach and Spittal an der Drau areas.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

People (e.g. in the wholesale or retail trade, in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are also restricted in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations, find it difficult to find a suitable job.

There are 1 264 384 people living in Styria (as of 1 October 2022), making up 13.9% of the total Austrian population. On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 545 645, of which 104 712 are foreign workers.

7% of employed people commute to other provinces (mainly to Vienna), 0.1% abroad (currently only figures available for 2020).

The economy largely recovered in 2022, the number of people in employment continues to increase and the number of unemployed people is falling sharply.

In 2022, an average of 30 127 people are registered as unemployed (-7 052 compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate in 2022 is 5.2% (-1.3% compared to the previous year), which is below the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate for young people (up to 25 years old) in 2022 in Styria is 4.6% (-0.8% compared to the previous year), and the unemployment rate for older unemployed people (55+) is 8% and therefore slightly below the Austrian average (8.5%).

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+12%), ‘Information and communication’ (+6.6%),‘Transport and storage’ (+3.4%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+2.9%), ‘Health and social care’ (+2.8%), ‘Real estate and housing’ (+2.8%), ‘Energy supply’ (+2.7%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+2.7%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+2.6%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+2.4%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+2.1%), ‘Construction’ (+2%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical services’ (+1.7%), ‘Mining’ (+1.6%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+1.7%), ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (+1.1%), ‘Agriculture and forestry’ (+0.7%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+0.1%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors in 2022 include ‘Other service activities’ (-1.6%), and ‘Private households’ (-3.9%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

In Styria, a small increase in people in employment by an average of +900 can be expected in 2023. Unemployment will affect an average of +1 700 people in 2023 compared to 2022. The unemployment rate will also increase, albeit slightly by +0.3%.

Positions at graduate level (requiring a degree from a university or university of applied sciences) and those typically requiring the Austrian Matura (secondary education certificate) continue to be in long-term demand, mainly in the healthcare and social services sector (healthcare specialists, social and creative professions) but also in tourism professions.

The essential personal and social skills in almost all sectors include, for example, strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In the healthcare sector, important qualifications include a familiarity with medical information systems and experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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In 2022, by far the most vacancies are offered in and around Graz, followed by Liezen, Leoben and Deutschlandsberg and Gleisdorf.

A large number of support and skilled workers are in demand in 2022. There is demand in the tourism and hospitality sector for people with a vocational qualification or higher qualification (restaurant chefs, waiters, managers) and for unskilled workers (assistant chefs, buffet and bar staff, housekeeping staff, waiters, shop and entrance cashiers, cleaners) also, however skilled workers with compulsory schooling qualifications to fill vacancies in Graz, Hartberg, Liezen, Leibnitz and other tourism regions. In Graz, there was also an increased demand for porters and security guards, but also increased demand for staff in the public security bodies (with higher levels of training). Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

Building fitters, sheet metal workers and structural fitters, other fitters, fitters’ mates, lathe operators, electrical fitters and electricians (including unskilled workers), motor vehicle mechanics, pipe fitters (including unskilled workers), welders (including unskilled workers), industrial mechanics, but also bricklayers, carpenters, painters and decorators, civil engineers, painters/varnishers and joiners and cabinetmakers (with vocational qualification) as well as unskilled construction workers and operators of goods handling equipment (with compulsory schooling qualification) are needed mainly in Graz, but also in Deutschlandsberg, Gleisdorf, Hartberg, Weiz, Judenburg and Leoben.

There are vacancies for hairdressers (with a vocational qualification) mainly in Graz and the surrounding area.

Sales staff and wholesale and retail traders (with and without a vocational qualification), sales representatives, advertising specialists, technicians for mechanical engineering, business administration, high-voltage systems, construction and data processing with a vocational qualification but also with higher qualifications are in demand particularly in and around Graz.

Goods sorters and packers (Judenburg, Leoben), depot and warehouse staff as well as haulage contractors and drivers with a compulsory schooling qualification but also a vocational qualification are predominantly in demand in Graz and the surrounding area.

There are vacancies to be found for active business owners and directors, bookkeepers, office and administrative professionals, depot and storage specialists, as well as industrial and commercial specialists with a vocational qualification, but also with higher levels of education, and also childcare workers with higher qualifications, particularly in the Graz area.

Qualified healthcare and nursing staff with intermediate and higher qualifications (Feldbach, Judenburg, Leoben, Liezen) and unqualified nursing staff (also with secondary technical or vocational qualifications) as well as welfare and social workers (intermediate qualifications) are finding work mainly in the Graz area and its surroundings.

Among university graduates there is demand in particular for graduate engineers for mechanical engineering, high-voltage systems, business administration and data processing (Graz, Deutschlandsberg), active business owners, in the Graz area and doctors (Graz and Liezen), nursing staff and qualified medical technicians, welfare and childcare workers, social scientists and economists, psychologists and other academics in and around Graz.

Although the Styrian economy has stabilised in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic, there are still people registered as unemployed in the tourism and hospitality professions (among hoteliers and restaurateurs, managers, waiters, cleaners, assistant chefs, restaurant chefs, housekeeping staff, buffet and bar staff, laundry staff), among goods sorters and packers, in commercial occupations, among unskilled workers, depot and warehouse staff, porters, haulage contractors and drivers and among unskilled construction workers, operators of goods handling equipment.

There are also people registered as unemployed among gardeners and gardening assistants, bricklayers, carpenters, electrical installation technicians, civil engineers, painters and decorators, machine fitters and other fitters, earthmoving and construction machine operators, motor vehicle mechanics, sales staff and sales representatives, advertising specialists and hairdressers with completed vocational training. Workers are also available among industrial and commercial professionals and among active business owners and directors, skilled office workers, banking, savings and private insurance specialists, bookkeepers, but also among unqualified healthcare professionals, welfare and social workers and childcare workers with a vocational qualification or intermediate and higher school qualification.

In graduate professions, the workforce available for the labour market consists in particular of architects, legal advisers and lawyers, graduate engineers for data processing, business administration, mechanical engineering and construction, advertising specialists, active business owners and directors, business consultants, people in office professions, bookkeepers, industrial and commercial professionals, other academics, welfare and social workers, teachers, childcare workers, university lecturers but also doctors and other medical professionals.

There are also people with a university degree registered as unemployed in the wholesale and retail trade, in the unskilled labour sector and among goods sorters and packers as well as depot and warehouse workers and cleaners, and in the tourism sector (e.g. waiters, managers, hoteliers).

By far the highest unemployment levels are in the Graz region and the surrounding area, followed by Leibnitz, Hartberg and Bruck an der Mur.

The highest levels of unemployment are among people with a compulsory schooling qualification as their highest level of education, followed by those with a vocational qualification as their highest level of education.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

People (e.g. in the wholesale or retail trade, in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are also restricted in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations, find it difficult to find a suitable job.

There are 301 203 people living in Burgenland (as of 1 October 2022), making up 3.3% of the total Austrian population.

In Burgenland, 18% of people in employment commute to other provinces (mainly Vienna, Lower Austria and Styria) and 0.2% commute abroad (only 2020 figures are currently available).

In 2022, the Burgenland economy recovered significantly. On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 111 756, of which 31 508 are foreign workers. The total number of employed persons therefore increased again compared to 2022.

In 2022, an average of 7 492 people are registered as unemployed (-1 588 people compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate in 2022 is 6.3% (-1.4% compared to the previous year), which is the same as the Austrian average.

The unemployment rate for young people (up to 25 years old) in 2022 is 5.4% (-0.4% compared to the previous year), and the unemployment rate for older unemployed persons (55+) is 10.7%, therefore above the average Austria as a whole (8.5%).

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Energy supply’ (+23.2%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+12.8%), ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+8.5%), ‘Real estate and housing activities’ (+8.4%), ‘Information and communication’

(+8.1%), ‘Agriculture, forestry and fisheries’ (+4.1%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+3.8%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+3.7%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+3.7%), ‘Health and social care’ (+2.6%), ‘Trade, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles’ (+2.6%), ‘Construction’ (+2.5%), ‘Transport and storage’ (+1.5%), ‘Public administration, defence, social security’ (+1.4%), ‘Other service activities’ (+0.9%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical activities’ (+0.8%), ‘Other economic services’ (+0.3%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors include ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (-1%), ‘Mining, quarrying’ (-1.9%) and ‘Private households’ (-8.9%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

An average increase of 600 in the number of people in employment can be expected in Burgenland in 2023. On average, unemployment will affect 100 people more than in 2022. The unemployment rate will increase slightly by 0.1%.

The essential personal and social skills across all sectors include, for example, strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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Demand for tourism and hospitality professionals increased again in 2022 compared to the previous year. There is a demand for skilled workers primarily with a vocational qualification (restaurant chefs, waiters) and a compulsory schooling qualification (cleaners, waiters, assistant chefs, shop and entrance cashiers) in Neusiedl am See and Oberwart, but also in other tourist regions.

Similarly, electricians, carpenters, bricklayers, pipe fitters, painters and decorators with a vocational qualification but also unskilled workers (unskilled construction workers) are in demand predominantly in Mattersburg, Oberpullendorf and Neusiedl am See.

There are vacancies for wholesale and retail traders and sales staff (predominantly those who have completed compulsory education and apprenticeships) and insurance intermediaries, in particular in Neusiedl am See, Mattersburg and Oberpullendorf. Haulage contractors and drivers, goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse staff are finding work predominantly in Eisenstadt, Oberpullendorf and Neusiedl am See.

Unqualified and qualified healthcare workers and nurses (with intermediate and higher qualifications) are mainly sought after in Eisenstadt.

In 2022, there is occasional demand for technicians for construction and mechanical engineering, active business owners, and industrial and commercial specialists (higher levels of education) in Oberwart, Stegersbach, Eisenstadt, Neusiedl am See and Oberpullendorf.

Throughout Burgenland, only a few vacancies are offered via the AMS for university graduates (e.g. doctors in Oberpullendorf, Eisenstadt, Neusiedl am See and Stegersbach).

Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

The highest average levels of unemployment in 2022 are among sales staff, wholesale and retail traders, unskilled workers, skilled workers in office and administrative professions, goods sorters and packers, cleaners, active business owners, industrial and commercial professionals, depot and warehouse workers and haulage contractors.

Particularly out of season, there is high unemployment among bricklayers, unskilled construction workers, unskilled garden labourers and workers, also however in the hotel and hospitality industry, in particular among waiters and assistant chefs. Unqualified nurses, welfare and social workers as well as childcare workers are also often affected by unemployment.

A small number of registered unemployed persons can be found among university graduates in the case of active business owners, industrial and commercial professionals, office and administrative professionals, welfare and social workers, and among childcare workers.

The highest levels of unemployment are among people with a vocational qualification and those with a compulsory schooling qualification as their highest qualification. Most of those registered as unemployed are to be found in the Oberwart, Eisenstadt, Neusiedl am See and Mattersburg regions.

People with a rather low level of qualification, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of personal and social skills, social problems, physical or mental limitations, etc.) as well as a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

People (e.g. in the wholesale or retail trade, in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are also restricted in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations, find it difficult to find a suitable job.

There are 1 521 843 people living in Upper Austria (as of 1 October 2022), making up 16.7% of the total Austrian population.

On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 694 600, of which 138 690 are foreign workers. The number of people in employment therefore increased further compared to the previous year.

A total of 6.5% of workers commute to other provinces (mainly Salzburg and Vienna) and 0.1% commute abroad (only 2020 figures are currently available).

In 2022, the economy in Upper Austria recovered significantly.

An average of 28 740 people are registered as unemployed (-7 220 people compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate in 2022 is 4% (-1% compared to the previous year), which is below the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate for young people (under 25 years old) is 3.8%

(-0.7% compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate of older unemployed persons (55+) is 5.6%, therefore below the average for this age group (8.5%) for Austria as a whole.

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+8.8%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+6.7%), ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+6.5%), ‘Mining’ (+5.6%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical services’ (+5%), ‘Information and communication’ (+3.4%), ‘Construction’ (+2.6%) ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+2.3%), ‘Agriculture and forestry’ (+1.9%), ‘Health and social care’ (+1.7%), ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (+1.7%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+1.4%), ‘Energy supply’ (+1.4%), ‘Real estate and housing’ (+1%), ‘Transport and storage’ (+1.4%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+0.6%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+0.5%) and ‘Other service activities‘ (+0.5%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors include ‘Childcare and education’ (-8.2%) and ‘Private households’ (-7.9%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

In Upper Austria, a slight annual average increase of 1 000 people in employment is to be expected in 2023 compared to the previous year. Unemployment will affect on average +1 400 people in 2023. The unemployment rate will also increase, albeit marginally by +0.3%.

Since the dominant sector is the goods manufacturing industry, the employment percentage of technicians educated up to the level of the Austrian Matura (secondary education certificate) and technicians with academic degrees is disproportionately high. Many occupations in industry and crafts are therefore in demand compared to other provinces.

The essential personal and social skills in almost all sectors include, for example, strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In healthcare, familiarity with medical information systems is an important qualification, as is experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration and good communication skills.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

Links:

On average in 2022, the most vacancies were in Linz, Wels, Traun and Vöcklabruck. The greatest demand for labour is in occupations with vocational qualifications and in occupations requiring a compulsory schooling qualification as the highest level of education. Compared to other provinces, there are significantly more vacancies in the metal and electrical professions and advanced technical occupations.

In 2022, the number of overnight stays in the tourism sector increased significantly compared to the previous year. Demand for tourism and hospitality professionals is therefore increasing in Linz, Gmunden, Vöcklabruck and other tourist regions. There is a demand for restaurant chefs, waiters and unskilled workers (assistant chefs, waiters, buffet and bar staff, restaurant chefs, pot washers, housekeeping staff, cleaners in Linz and Ried, porters and security guards, shop and entrance cashiers with a compulsory schooling qualification in Gmunden, Linz and Traun). Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

Electricians, electromechanical technicians (mainly in Linz) with a vocational qualification but also higher levels of training, machine fitters, other fitters, building, sheet metal and structural fitters (including with higher levels of training), lathe operators, pipe fitters, welders, motor vehicle mechanics, industrial mechanics, joiners and cabinetmakers, as well as bricklayers (mainly in Linz, Vöcklabruck) with a compulsory schooling qualification and vocational qualification, carpenters, varnishers, painters and decorators, but also unskilled metalworkers (Ried, Grieskirchen): There is demand primarily for skilled workers with professional experience (mainly with vocational qualifications but also with intermediate and higher qualifications), but also demand for unskilled workers (welders, unskilled construction workers, operators of goods handling equipment, earth-moving and construction vehicle operators, machinists), especially in Linz, Wels and Ried.

There are vacancies for goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, haulage contractors and drivers, as well as unskilled workers, depot and warehouse specialists (mainly with a compulsory schooling qualification but also a vocational qualification), predominantly in Braunau, Linz, Vöcklabruck, Wels and Traun.

Wholesale and retail traders (sales staff, sales representatives, advertising specialists, etc.) with a compulsory schooling qualification and vocational qualifications, but also with a higher level of education, are finding work throughout Upper Austria. There is a demand for hairdressers (with a vocational qualification) in Linz.

Unqualified and qualified healthcare workers and nurses (also with intermediate and higher school-based (VET) vocational qualifications), welfare and social workers (including with higher levels of education) as well as childcare workers (with higher levels of education) are also in demand (e.g. Linz), as are active business owners and directors and industrial and commercial professionals (particularly with higher levels of training, e.g. in Linz). People in office administration occupations and bookkeepers are able to find work throughout Upper Austria.

There are vacancies for graduates from higher-level technical schools or technical courses focussing on mechanical engineering, data processing, business administration and high-voltage systems in Linz, Wels and other industrial regions.

There are vacancies available to graduates for active business owners and directors, doctors (particularly in Traun and Linz) and qualified medical technicians, welfare and social workers, childcare workers and social scientists and economists.

In 2022, there is a high level of unemployment among unskilled labourers (compulsory schooling qualification, vocational qualification, intermediate and higher levels of training, but also university graduates), in the tourism and hospitality trade (waiters, including those with higher levels of training and university graduates, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs, and depending on the season, also in the construction occupations (among bricklayers, unskilled construction workers, operators of goods handling equipment, carpenters, painters and decorators, electricians, joiners and cabinetmakers), among hairdressers and vehicle mechanics and in the wholesale and retail trade (sales staff, sales representatives, etc.), but also among unskilled metalworkers, building fitters, sheet metal workers and structural fitters, other fitters, industrial mechanics, pipe fitters, technicians for mechanical engineering, data processing (also with higher levels of education), cleaners, childcare workers (intermediate and higher levels of education), welfare and social workers, goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, depot and warehouse specialists, industrial and commercial professionals, haulage contractors and drivers, office and administrative professionals and active business owners and directors. Unemployment is also relatively high among unqualified nursing staff and qualified nursing staff, including those with intermediate and higher levels of training.

The available workforce in graduate professions includes active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial specialists, skilled depot and warehouse workers, legal advisers and lawyers, graduate engineers for economics and data processing, welfare and social and childcare workers. There is also a large number of job-seeking university graduates among goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, unskilled workers as well as wholesale and retail traders and sales staff.

The highest levels of unemployment are among people with a compulsory schooling qualification or a vocational qualification as their highest level of education. In 2022, the regions with the highest unemployment are Linz, Wels, Vöcklabruch, Braunau and Steyr.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

People (e.g. in the wholesale or retail trade, in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are also restricted in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations, find it difficult to find a suitable job.

There are 1 717 617 people living in Lower Austria (as of 1 October 2022), making up 18.9% of the total Austrian population.

On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 651 652, of which 132 494 are foreign workers. The number of people in employment in 2022 therefore continued to increase significantly.

A total of 29.2% of workers commute to other provinces (in particular Vienna) and 0.2% commute abroad (only 2020 figures are currently available).

In 2022, the economy in Lower Austria recovered significantly and unemployment fell significantly. An average of 40 987 people are registered as unemployed (-10 997 people compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate is 5.9% (-1.6%) and is therefore below the Austrian average (6.3%).

Youth unemployment (up to 25 years old) is 4.8% in 2022 (-0.8% compared to the previous year), unemployment among older people (55+) is 9.3%, therefore higher than the Austrian average (8.5%).

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+6.4%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical services’ (+5.9%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+5.5%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+5.5%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+3.1%), ‘Construction’ (+2.5%), ‘Health and social care’ (+2.2%), ‘Manufacture of goods’ (+2.1%), ‘Energy supply’ (+2.1%), ‘Information and communication’ (+2.1%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+1.8%), ‘Other service activities’ (+1.2%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+1.2%), ‘Transport and storage’ (+1%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+0.7%), ‘Real estate and housing’ (+0.2%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors include ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (-0.3%), ‘Private households’ (-1.1%), ‘Agriculture and forestry’ (-1.2%) and ‘Mining’ (-7%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

Owing to its service-oriented economy, in Lower Austria a slight increase of 2 900 in numbers of people in employment is to be expected in 2023 compared to the previous year. Unemployment will affect an average of +1 600 people compared to 2022. The unemployment rate will also increase by +0.2% compared to 2022.

Most jobs in Lower Austria require a vocational qualification. Overall, the level of qualification is rising in all sectors.

The essential personal and social skills in almost all sectors include, for example, strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In the healthcare and social care sector, important qualifications include, depending on the field of employment, a familiarity with medical information systems and experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the most important qualities required are intercultural skills, the ability to cope with frustration, good communication skills and a willingness to learn.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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On average in 2022 the majority of vacancies are in St. Pölten, Mödling, Amstetten and Wiener Neustadt and are filled with skilled workers with vocational qualifications and compulsory schooling qualification.

Tourism in Lower Austria recovered well in 2022, with a significant increase in overnight stays. There is therefore a demand for skilled tourism and hospitality workers with a vocational qualification (restaurant chefs, waiters) and for unskilled workers (assistant chefs, cleaners, waiters, buffet and bar staff) with a compulsory schooling qualification, predominantly in St. Pölten, Amstetten and in the tourist regions such as Krems, Melk but also Mödling. Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable in this sector.

In the construction and metal/electrical sector, there is a demand primarily for skilled workers (with a vocational qualification) for the occupations of electricians and electromechanical technicians, industrial mechanics, pipe fitters, building, sheet metal and structural fitters, machine fitters and other fitters, lathe operators and motor vehicle mechanics. In the construction sector, there are vacancies for bricklayers, carpenters, painters and decorators, unskilled construction workers (St. Pölten, Krems), operators of goods handling equipment, and also joiners and cabinetmakers, in the agricultural sector, harvest workers in Krems, Melk (viticulture) and Gänserndorf (asparagus). The majority of vacancies are found in St. Pölten.

Jobs for sales staff and wholesale/retail traders, shop and entrance cashiers, sales representatives, advertising professionals (predominantly people with a compulsory schooling qualification, skilled workers with vocational training but also skilled workers with intermediate or higher levels of training) are concentrated in larger towns such as St. Pölten, Amstetten, Mödling and Baden.

Goods sorters and packers, haulage contractors and drivers, depot and warehouse workers (mainly people who have completed compulsory school education, also however an apprenticeship) as well as unskilled workers are in demand throughout Lower Austria, but predominantly in St. Pölten.

Qualified nursing staff (with intermediate and higher levels of education) and unqualified nursing staff (compulsory schooling qualification, intermediate training), welfare and social workers and qualified medical technicians (intermediate and higher levels of education) are sought after in several districts in Lower Austria (e.g. St. Pölten, Baden).

There are vacancies for hairdressers with a vocational qualification throughout Lower Austria, for example in Amstetten.

In 2022, technical professionals with a vocational qualification and higher levels of education are being employed in technician occupations for construction, mechanical engineering, high-voltage systems and data processing, in particular in Mödling. Active business owners, industrial and commercial professionals, bookkeepers (mostly with higher education) and skilled office workers are finding work throughout Lower Austria. (e.g. Mödling, Amstetten, St. Pölten).

University graduates in technical professions (particularly in the field of mechanical engineering, high-voltage systems, business administration and data processing) are predominantly in demand in Mödling and Amstetten. Active business owners (Mödling), industrial and commercial professionals, doctors (e.g. Wiener Neustadt, Krems), qualified nursing staff and other qualified medical technicians, childcare workers, welfare and social workers and other academics are finding work throughout Lower Austria.

In 2022, the level of unemployment is high in unskilled occupations, in tourism and hospitality professions (waiters – also with higher levels of training, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs), depending on the season also in construction professions (especially among bricklayers, unskilled construction workers, carpenters, painters and decorators, electricians, joiners and cabinetmakers), but also among fitters, pipe fitters, motor vehicle mechanics, hairdressers, in the wholesale and retail trade (sales staff, sales representatives, advertising specialists, shop and entrance cashiers, etc.) and among cleaners. There are also people registered as unemployed among childcare, welfare and social workers, unqualified and qualified nursing staff. There is a relatively high level of unemployment among goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, unskilled workers, haulage contractors and drivers, but also among industrial and commercial professionals, office and administrative professionals, office secretaries, banking, savings bank and private insurance specialists, active business owners and directors and data processing engineers.

In graduate professions, the workforce available to the labour market includes active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial professionals, people in office and administrative professions, legal advisers and lawyers, graduate engineers for data processing and business administration, business consultants, other academics, childcare workers, welfare and social workers, but also teachers, doctors and qualified medical technicians, writers and journalists, philosophers and psychologists and other academics. There are also job-seeking university graduates among goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, unskilled workers, wholesale and retail traders and sales staff, advertising specialists, cleaners and waiters.

The highest levels of unemployment are among people with a compulsory schooling qualification or a vocational qualification as their highest level of education. The St. Pölten, Wiener Neustadt and Baden regions are particularly affected by unemployment.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

People (e.g. in the wholesale or retail trade, in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are also restricted in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations, find it difficult to secure a suitable job.

There are 1 973 403 people living in Vienna (as of 1 October 2022), making up 21.7% of the total Austrian population.

On average in 2022, the number of jobholders is 897 849, of which 277 444 are foreign workers. The number of employed persons therefore increased further compared to 2021.

A total of 11.7% of workers commute to neighbouring provinces and 0.2% commute abroad (currently only 2020 figures are available).

The Viennese economy again recovered significantly compared to the previous year. The severely weakened urban tourism sector has essentially stabilised again. Unemployment also fell significantly.

In 2022, an average of 104 848 people are registered as unemployed (-21 832 people compared to the previous year). In 2022 the unemployment rate is 10.5% (-2.2%) and is therefore far above the Austrian average (6.3%).

The unemployment rate for young people (under 25 years old) in Vienna is high compared to the Austrian average (5.4%), standing at 9.8% (-1.6% compared to the previous year). The unemployment rate of older unemployed persons (55+) is 12.1% and therefore significantly higher than the Austrian average (8.5%).

As an annual average for 2022, the sectors ‘Accommodation and catering’ (+15%), ‘Information and communication’ (+6.3%), ‘Professional, scientific and technical services’ (+5.5%), ‘Art, entertainment and recreation’ (+5.2%), ‘Health and social care’ (+4.5%), ‘Transport and storage’ (+4.4%), ‘Water supply, sewerage and waste management’ (+4.3%), ‘Childcare and education’ (+3.6%), ‘Other economic service activities’ (+3.3%), ‘Trade, servicing and repair of motor vehicles’ (+2.4%), ‘Other service activities’ (+2.4%), ‘Energy supply’ (+1.9%),‘Manufacture of goods’ (+1.9%), ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing’ (+1.7%), ‘Financial and insurance activities’ (+0.8%), ‘Public administration, defence and social security’ (+0.7%), ‘Construction’ (+0.3%) are among the job-creators.

The job-losing sectors include ‘Real estate and housing activities’ (-0.4%), ‘Mining’ (-14.8%) and ‘Private households’ (-5.4%).

In 2023, economic growth will be weak due to high energy costs, high inflation and suppressed domestic and international demand.

In Vienna, a slight annual average increase in people in employment (+6 800) can be expected in 2023. In 2023 unemployment will affect on average +5 800 people in Vienna. The unemployment rate will also increase by +0.4%.

Overall, demand for labour in Vienna is declining for occupations requiring intermediate and lower levels of qualification, i.e. occupations that usually require a vocational qualification or technical college education or occupations that can be learned on the job. The demand for higher-skilled jobs is relatively high compared to other provinces.

The essential personal and social skills in almost all sectors include, for example, strong communication skills, customer focus, flexibility, ability to handle stress, a willingness to learn, intercultural skills (working in international teams), also however excellent knowledge of English and other languages.

In healthcare, familiarity with medical information systems is important, as is experience with quality management, project management, and health promotion and care. In addition to psychological capabilities, the important qualities required are the ability to cope with frustration, good communication skills and a willingness to learn.

For the electronics/electrical engineering, telecommunications, information technology and machine/automotive/metal sectors, expertise in operating systems, use of computer systems, business management, energy and process engineering, quality management, etc. are essential.

In the construction and timber sector, expertise in the areas of building renovation, waste management and waste disposal are advantageous, as are specific IT skills.

For the office, business, financial and legal sectors, additional technical knowledge is beneficial, as are business management, SAP and e-business skills.

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Most jobs are being filled by unskilled workers (with a compulsory schooling qualification) and skilled workers (with vocational qualifications).

Demand for skilled workers in the tourism sector also increased in 2022 compared to the previous year due to a significant increase in overnight stays. There is demand for skilled tourism and hospitality workers, primarily with a vocational qualification, also with intermediate and higher levels of training (e.g. restaurant chefs, waiters, managers) and for unskilled workers (e.g. waiters, buffet and bar staff, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs, pot washers, porters and security guards) with a compulsory schooling qualification. Relevant professional experience and flexibility are required or preferable for all vacancies in this sector.

There is a demand for wholesale and retail traders and sales staff, particularly in the food, drinks and tobacco sector, shop and entrance cashiers, but also for advertising specialists and consumer advisers (mainly with a compulsory schooling qualification). The number of part-time employees is still on the rise in the wholesale and retail trade.

Haulage contractors and drivers, depot and warehouse workers, goods sorters and packers, building cleaners and cleaning staff as well as unskilled workers (mainly with a compulsory schooling qualification) are in demand throughout Vienna.

There are vacancies in the construction sector and in the metal/electrical sector for pipe fitters, electricians, painters and decorators, carpenters, bricklayers with a vocational qualification, unskilled construction workers including those with a compulsory schooling qualification, motor vehicle mechanics, joiners and cabinetmakers. There is also demand for hairdressers, beauticians, as well as industrial and commercial sales staff, bookkeepers, correspondence clerks, office and office support staff and active business owners and directors (including with higher qualifications). There are also vacancies for technicians for data processing, mechanical engineering, construction, etc. with a vocational qualification, but also with higher qualifications.

There are vacancies throughout Vienna for qualified and unqualified nurses (with a compulsory schooling qualification and intermediate and higher qualifications), welfare and social workers as well as childcare workers with intermediate or higher qualifications and corresponding qualifications as well as flexibility and experience.

In the graduate occupations, there is primarily demand for graduate engineers for data processing, mechanical engineering and construction, advertising specialists, social scientists and economists, legal advisers and lawyers, public accountants, active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial specialists but also doctors, nursing staff, welfare and social workers, and teachers.

In 2022, the highest level of unemployment is among bricklayers, unskilled construction workers (including with higher levels of qualification), electricians and electromechanical technicians, pipe fitters, painters and decorators, but also among porters and security guards (also with intermediate and higher levels of education), among sales staff and wholesale and retail traders, advertising professionals and consumer advisers (with higher levels of education), among goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, haulage contractors and drivers, among unskilled workers, cleaners, shop and entrance cashiers, IT professionals, technicians for construction and data processing (with higher levels of education), active business owners and directors (also with higher levels of education), industrial and commercial professionals, people in office and administrative occupations, unqualified healthcare workers and nurses, welfare and social workers, childcare workers and among hairdressers and cosmetic specialists.

In the tourism sector, despite the recovery of urban tourism, unemployment is highest among waiters, restaurant chefs, assistant chefs, but also among managers and hoteliers (with higher qualifications).

Workers with an academic qualification who are affected by unemployment include in particular unskilled workers, wholesale and retail traders, sales staff but also customer advisers, sales representatives, advertising professionals, goods sorters and packers, depot and warehouse workers, haulage contractors and drivers, travel and tourism specialists, waiters, assistant chefs, managers, restaurant chefs, cleaners, porters and security staff and also architects, graduate engineers for data processing, business administration and construction, graphic designers, legal advisers and lawyers, public accountants, business consultants, active business owners and directors, industrial and commercial professionals, bookkeepers, office and administrative professionals, banking, savings bank and insurance professionals, other academics, social scientists and economists, writers and journalists, actors, artistic directors, stage and film set designers, welfare and social workers, childcare workers, teachers, lecturers, but also doctors, other medical technicians and unqualified nursing staff.

The level of unemployment among people with a compulsory schooling qualification as their highest level of education is twice as high as those who have completed apprenticeships.

People with a relatively low level of education, little professional experience and considerable limitations to placement (lack of social skills, social issues, physical or mental limitations, etc.) and a lack of specialist knowledge are at particularly high risk of remaining unemployed for a long time.

People (e.g. in the wholesale or retail trade, in the tourism sector) who, in addition to lacking qualifications, are also restricted in their mobility and flexibility, for example due to childcare obligations, find it difficult to find a suitable job.